Second year (M2)

  1. Introduction to Disease Process Core 
    Describe the physiology of the autonomic nervous system as a basis for understanding drug action at synaptic and neuroeffector junctional sites (autonomic pharmacology).
  2. Describe and discuss the pharmacology of the drugs used to treat the different types of bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infections.
  3. Describe basic principles, mechanisms, and role in disease of cell injury and inflammation.
  4. Describe basic concepts of pathology as they apply to pediatric disorders, anemia & hemodynamic disorders, forensics & the autopsy, and neoplasms.
  5. Describe the immune system and immunological mechanisms, including their roles which underlie disease pathogenesis and treatment of diseases.
  6. Describe basic principles of nutrition as they apply to health maintenance and disease recovery.
  7. Describe the structure, function, physiology, and genetics of major pathogenic microbes and their roles in disease and antimicrobial therapy.
  8. Describe the unique characteristics, signs & symptoms of diseases, virulence factors, diagnosis, therapy, prevention, and epidemiology of major pathogenic microbes.
  9. Describe the renal pathophysiologic perturbations that produce common fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base disorders.
  10. Construct an initial differential diagnosis using appropriate laboratory values for common fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base disorders.
  11. Discuss the general principles of drug action including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and drug metabolism.
  12. Describe the pharmacology of agents effective in altering activity at synaptic and neuroeffector junctional sites (autonomic pharmacology).
  13. Describe and discuss the pharmacology of the drugs used to treat the different types of bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infections. 

Cardiology/Pulmonary/Endocrinology/Ears, Nose & Throat Core

  1. Describe and discuss the pathophysiology, pathology correlates, clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system including the pharmacological basis for the management of these diseases. 
  2. Describe and discuss the pathophysiology, pathology correlates, clinical diagnosis and pharmacologic basis for the treatment of diseases of the pulmonary system.
  3. Describe and discuss the pathophysiology, pathology correlates, clinical diagnosis and pharmacologic basis for the treatment of diseases of the endocrine system.
  4. Describe and discuss the pathophysiology, pathology correlates, clinical diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear, nose and throat including the pharmacological basis for the management of these diseases. 
  5. Describe the functioning of each organ system in health and disease. 

Neurology, Ophthalmology, Psychiatry Core

  1. Describe the physiology and anatomy of the eye and brain. 
  2. Demonstrate knowledge of the pathophysiology and important and common diseases of the eye and brain. 
  3. Discuss the pharmacological basis for the management of diseases of the eye and brain. 
  4. Solve and treat patient problems by applying an understanding of normal function, mechanisms of disease, and therapeutics.
  5. Identify a patient’s most likely psychiatric disorder and contrast it with differential psychiatric disorders.
  6. Identify the psychological factors in the medical care of patients with the most common psychiatric diagnoses.
  7. List the signs and symptoms, predisposing and precipitating etiological factors, and general prognosis of the psychopathological entities listed in DSM-IV.

Genitourinary/Gastroenterology System Core

  1. Describe the pathology of gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and genitourinary disease and their correlation with clinical presentation
  2. List the common presenting signs and symptoms of patients’ diseases of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems and their clinical evaluation. 
  3. Describe the epidemiology of cancerous conditions of the genitourinary and gastrointestinal systems and principles of screening for these conditions 
  4. List the pharmacological basis for the management of gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary and genitourinary diseases.
  5. Assess nutrition in gastroenterology and management of malnourished patients. 
  6. Provide an overview of obesity, surgical management of obesity and long-term gastrointestinal issues specific to obesity. 
  7. Describe the principles of solid organ transplantation for gastrointestinal, liver and renal diseases. Long-term management of transplant patients
  8. List the diseases of female reproductive system, placental disorders, nutrition in pregnancy, menstrual cycle disorders and STD.

Hematology/Oncology, Musculoskeletal, Dermatology and Basic Life Support Core
 
Hematology/Oncology

  1. Hematology:  Describe and discuss non-neoplastic disorders of the blood and common coagulation disorders, and their treatments.
  2. Oncology:  Describe and discuss malignant disorders of hemotopoietic and lymphoid cells, the most common solid tumors, and their treatments.
  3. Transfusion Medicine:  Describe and apply the principles of blood component transfusion therapy.
  4. Describe and discuss the pharmacology of the commonly used herbal medicines.
  5. Describe and discuss the pharmacology of the drugs used to treat neoplastic diseases.

Musculoskeletal

Basic Musculoskeletal Diagnosis and Soft Tissue

  1. Describe approaches to joint complaints including frequency of various diseases, history and physical examination, and routine non-pharmacologic management.
  2. Describe common soft tissue syndromes presentation, physical findings, and management.

Monarticular Arthritis

  1. Discuss the differential diagnosis and workup for monarticular arthritis.
  2. Describe the  basic understanding of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment for septic arthritis and Lyme disease and Crystal induced disease 
  3. Differentiate between gout and pseudogout.   Describe the uric acid pathway and how it relates to treatment plans.  Relate options of treatment for acute and chronic problems.

Degenerative Joint Disease / Osteoporosis

  1. Describe the basic pathophysiology, anatomy, physical findings and on pharmacologic treatment of osteoarthritis.
  2. List the risk factors, diagnostic procedures, prevention, and treatment for osteoporosis.

Inflammatory Joint Disease

  1. Demonstrate knowledge of inflammatory joint diseases 
  2. Describe the extraarticular syndromes associated with RA.
  3. List the various types of seronegative spondyloarthropathies and the classic extraarticular manifestations of each.

Immune Mediated Diseases

  1. List and differentiate between various connective tissue diseases including pathophysiology, physical findings, laboratory abnormalities, diagnostic criteria, and routine management:

Laboratory Evaluation of Rheumatic Diseases

  1. Develop a basic understanding of various indicators of inflammation – ESR CRP.
  2. Identify basic immunological tests; Rheumatoid factor, Antinuclear antibody, CCP antibody, and describe their usefulness in clinical care.
  3. Interpret routine arthrocentesis fluid; WBC, Culture and sensitivity, glucose, crystal examination.

Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases

  1. Describe non-pharmacologic treatments for musculoskeletal diseases and injuries.
  2. I the major types of anti-inflammatory drugs, their pharmacokinetics and side effects.
  3. Describe the role of corticosteroids in treatment of immune mediated diseases and possible side effects.
  4. Classify the drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, disease modifying drugs such as methotrexate, TNF receptor antagonists, etc. (major types, indications, side effect and toxicity profiles).

Integrated Clinical Experience (M2)

By the end of the second year, students will be able to: 

  1. Correctly perform and document a complete history and physical examination, including the identification of common abnormalities, in pediatric, adolescent, adult, and geriatric patients.
  2. Conduct effective patient-centered interviews involving difficult situations and integrate biomedical and psychosocial data to develop appropriate diagnoses and interventions.
  3. Demonstrate effective techniques for educating patients and for maximizing adherence with treatment recommendations.
  4. Demonstrate an understanding of the issues involved in behavior change and demonstrate communication skills that foster behavior change for the health and well being of the individual.
  5. Apply clinical disease prevention and health promotion activities appropriate to the patient based on age, gender, and other risk factors.
  6. Utilize community and public health resources at the local, state, and national levels as applied to the health of individuals and populations.
  7. Consider occupational and environmental health issues in the care of patients.
  8. Demonstrate an understanding of basic terms and concepts in decision analysis, epidemiology, and biostatistics.
  9. Critically appraise the medical literature in regards to study design, statistical methods, sample characteristics, and validity of conclusions.
  10. Demonstrate an understanding of the importance of sociocultural and gender issues in medical practice and demonstrate the ability to interact effectively with patients from diverse social, cultural, and economic backgrounds.
  11. Demonstrate an understanding of health care systems and financing.
  12. Demonstrate proficiency in written and oral communication, including written H&P’s, SOAP notes, and oral presentations