WEBVTT

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<v Speaker 0>Great.

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<v Speaker 0>Thank you so much for being here.

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<v Speaker 0>Happy Friday, everybody.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, Get our slides up and ready here.

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<v Speaker 0>All right.

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<v Speaker 0>Thanks so much.

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<v Speaker 0>OK.

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<v Speaker 0>So today we're gonna be talking about something that is

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<v Speaker 0>becoming increasingly common in the lives of adolescents, um, and

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<v Speaker 0>it's the use of artificial intelligence tools like chat GBT

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<v Speaker 0>and other chatbots for advice, emotional support, and also information.

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<v Speaker 0>A recent study found that more than 50% of teens

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<v Speaker 0>report using AI chatbots to find any types of information

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<v Speaker 0>that they're looking for.

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<v Speaker 0>When many people hear AI, they think about things like

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<v Speaker 0>writing essays or helping with homework, but in the clinical

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<v Speaker 0>setting where Darren and I work, we are beginning to

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<v Speaker 0>see something that's quite different.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, adolescents are turning to AI for things like mental

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<v Speaker 0>health support, medical advice, companionship, and finding out what their

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<v Speaker 0>identity is all about.

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<v Speaker 0>So identity exploration.

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<v Speaker 0>So the question becomes, we want to explore today is,

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<v Speaker 0>so the question becomes, and what we want to explore

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<v Speaker 0>today is, is this technology a helpful tool for teens,

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<v Speaker 0>or are there significant risks that we should be paying

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<v Speaker 0>special attention to?

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<v Speaker 0>The idea for this talk came from an experience I

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<v Speaker 0>had last year.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, I was working with a 14-year-old male patient who

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<v Speaker 0>had severe, who has severe, uh, hemophilia A.

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<v Speaker 0>And at one point, he uploaded a photo of a

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<v Speaker 0>bruise that he had to Jack GBT and he asked

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<v Speaker 0>if he should see his hematologist as a result.

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<v Speaker 0>And for those of you who are familiar with hemophilia,

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<v Speaker 0>you know that a bruise is not just any ordinary

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<v Speaker 0>or a minor issue.

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<v Speaker 0>If it's not treated quickly, um, it can lead to

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<v Speaker 0>ongoing internal bleeding.

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<v Speaker 0>severe pain, possible surgery, and in extreme cases, even death.

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<v Speaker 0>And because of this risk, it's incredibly important that patients

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<v Speaker 0>reach out to their parents and their medical team immediately

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<v Speaker 0>uh when something like this occurs.

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<v Speaker 0>And in this case, um, Chat GBT responded by recommending

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<v Speaker 0>RICE, which is a good thing, rest, ice, compression, and

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<v Speaker 0>elevation.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, it also included the disclaimer, as you see here

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<v Speaker 0>saying it cannot provide medical advice and that the patients

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<v Speaker 0>should seek medical attention.

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<v Speaker 0>However, the situation really gave me a lot of pause,

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<v Speaker 0>um, and it made me think about how patients are

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<v Speaker 0>using AI tools to make decisions about their medical health

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<v Speaker 0>and also their mental health as well.

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<v Speaker 0>These are disclosures.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, our learning objectives today is identify the ways adolescents

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<v Speaker 0>are currently using AI platforms.

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<v Speaker 0>We want to evaluate the potential benefits and risks, and

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<v Speaker 0>then apply these practical strategies in the clinical settings and

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<v Speaker 0>at home and at school.

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<v Speaker 0>So Darren and I want to just say that, you

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<v Speaker 0>know, it's not just chat GBT.

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<v Speaker 0>So even though our talk is on chat GBT, um,

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<v Speaker 0>this talk is not really just one, any one platform.

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<v Speaker 0>In reality, adolescents are interacting with a growing ecosystem of

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<v Speaker 0>AI tools.

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<v Speaker 0>Some examples include platforms like Character AI, Snapchat's My AI,

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<v Speaker 0>and other conversational chatbots such as Polybuzz.

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<v Speaker 0>And none of these platforms allow teens to create conversations

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<v Speaker 0>with simulated personalities, sometimes fictional characters, friends, and AI personas

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<v Speaker 0>labeled as therapists or psychologists.

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<v Speaker 0>And I downloaded the Snapchat here um app, as you

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<v Speaker 0>can see, and here you can see me scrolling through

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<v Speaker 0>it.

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<v Speaker 0>And you'll notice, it was very easy for me to

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<v Speaker 0>come across mental health advice when I typed in the

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<v Speaker 0>word psychologist.

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<v Speaker 0>This is also me scrolling through Character AI.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, Cha Character AI actually has over 20 million users

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<v Speaker 0>currently.

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<v Speaker 0>And it allows people to have realistic conversations with AI

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<v Speaker 0>generated characters.

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<v Speaker 0>And these characters can be customized to match a user's

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<v Speaker 0>preference and personalities, and many of them can speak with

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<v Speaker 0>the voice features as well.

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<v Speaker 0>So compared to chat GBT, which generally provides more neutral

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<v Speaker 0>and informational responses, conversations on character AI tend to feel

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<v Speaker 0>more personalized.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, so the chat partners are, the chat partners are

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<v Speaker 0>designed with specific personalities and human-like quirks.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, as I was exploring the platform, it was also

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<v Speaker 0>very easy to search for psychologists.

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<v Speaker 0>There were hundreds of psychologists online, ready to, ready to

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<v Speaker 0>help me, um, at any time.

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<v Speaker 0>And as you can see here, I'm continuing to scroll

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<v Speaker 0>here, on and on and on.

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<v Speaker 0>So when we talk about AI in adolescents, um, lives

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<v Speaker 0>today, we're talking about an expanding digital environment where conversational

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<v Speaker 0>AI is becoming increasingly normalized.

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<v Speaker 0>When you explore some of these platforms, you quickly see

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<v Speaker 0>how widespread this phenomenon is.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, none of these are verified clinicians whatsoever.

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<v Speaker 0>There are no credentials attached to any of these so-called

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<v Speaker 0>psychologists or therapists.

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<v Speaker 0>There's no oversight, there's no verification process.

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<v Speaker 0>Yet many of them are designed specifically to engage in

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<v Speaker 0>emotional conversations and to provide advice.

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<v Speaker 0>And for adolescents who are curious, lonely, looking for any

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<v Speaker 0>type of support, it can feel as if there are

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<v Speaker 0>hundreds of listeners out there immediately available at any time

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<v Speaker 0>of day.

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<v Speaker 0>I want to emphasize, uh, that Darren and I are

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<v Speaker 0>approaching this topic primarily as clinicians.

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<v Speaker 0>So Darren and I, we are not AI researchers, OK?

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<v Speaker 0>We don't get any kickbacks for talking about chat GBT

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<v Speaker 0>or Characterize Snapchat or any of these platforms.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, what we're seeing is a trend emerging in our

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<v Speaker 0>clinical populations and with the adolescents that we work with.

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<v Speaker 0>Um, there's been documented situations where AI systems have engaged

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<v Speaker 0>in manipulative, inappropriate, or harmful conversations.

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<v Speaker 0>And especially when there were earlier, when those earlier symptoms

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<v Speaker 0>were not properly trained or moderated.

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<v Speaker 0>And some of you may have heard about this story.

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<v Speaker 0>Last year, a very tragic case made national headlines when

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<v Speaker 0>a 16 year old boy named Adam Rainey had been

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<v Speaker 0>struggling with depression and increasingly turned to AI chatbots for

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<v Speaker 0>support and advice.

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<v Speaker 0>And what began as help with homework slowly became something

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<v Speaker 0>deeper.

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<v Speaker 0>The chatbot became someone he confided.

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<v Speaker 0>In about his emotions and his loneliness, and eventually his

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<v Speaker 0>suicidal thoughts.

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<v Speaker 0>And according to a lawsuit filed by his parents, um,

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<v Speaker 0>the chatbot didn't just listen, and in some conversation, it

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<v Speaker 0>allegedly provided information about suicide methods and responded in ways

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<v Speaker 0>that appeared to validate his feelings rather than interrupt the

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<v Speaker 0>crisis of what he was going through.

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<v Speaker 0>And then months later, um, Adam died by suicide, and

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<v Speaker 0>his parents are now suing OpenAI, the creator of chat

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<v Speaker 0>GBT, arguing that the technology failed to protect their son

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<v Speaker 0>and led their son to suicide.

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<v Speaker 0>And this case raises a critical question for all of

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<v Speaker 0>us, as artificial intelligence become a daily companion for um

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00:06:56.170 --> 00:06:59.269
<v Speaker 0>our young, our young people that we're working with, What

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00:06:59.269 --> 00:07:02.019
<v Speaker 0>responsibility do these, uh, platforms have?

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00:07:02.350 --> 00:07:05.010
<v Speaker 0>And we as adults and parents and clinicians as well,

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00:07:05.109 --> 00:07:08.190
<v Speaker 0>and to, you know, to ensure that, uh, they support

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00:07:08.190 --> 00:07:12.350
<v Speaker 0>mental health rather than just unintentionally harm, um, our adolescents.

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00:07:12.709 --> 00:07:14.950
<v Speaker 0>So these technologies are no longer just tools for homework,

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00:07:15.070 --> 00:07:18.269
<v Speaker 0>they're becoming part of the adolescents decision-making and in their

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00:07:18.269 --> 00:07:19.950
<v Speaker 0>everyday emotional lives.

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00:07:21.279 --> 00:07:23.160
<v Speaker 0>So, before we go any further, I want to get

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00:07:23.160 --> 00:07:25.559
<v Speaker 0>a sense of how common this experience is for all

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00:07:25.559 --> 00:07:27.049
<v Speaker 0>of you out there in the audience.

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00:07:27.160 --> 00:07:29.320
<v Speaker 0>Um, so I'm curious, how many of you have had

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00:07:29.320 --> 00:07:33.279
<v Speaker 0>clients or patients reference something they learned from AI or

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00:07:33.279 --> 00:07:35.239
<v Speaker 0>short form videos like TikTok or YouTube?

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00:07:35.279 --> 00:07:37.480
<v Speaker 0>You can give an emoji, you can give a chat

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00:07:37.480 --> 00:07:39.899
<v Speaker 0>down there, um, for mental health advice.

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00:07:40.160 --> 00:07:43.690
<v Speaker 0>Um, Yeah, so lots of hands up here.

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00:07:44.070 --> 00:07:46.140
<v Speaker 0>Um, and so what we're seeing is that adolescents are

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00:07:46.140 --> 00:07:53.329
<v Speaker 0>increasingly relying on algorithm-driven information sources, rather than traditional, um,

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00:07:53.790 --> 00:07:57.369
<v Speaker 0>you know, professional guidance, seeing an actual therapist in person.

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00:07:58.079 --> 00:08:00.940
<v Speaker 0>Um, I do want to validate the situation, though, um,

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00:08:01.010 --> 00:08:05.600
<v Speaker 0>using WebMD or Google to look up symptoms is obviously

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00:08:05.600 --> 00:08:06.440
<v Speaker 0>not new, right?

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00:08:06.519 --> 00:08:10.429
<v Speaker 0>Like, I know I've looked up on WebMD for like,

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00:08:10.480 --> 00:08:12.519
<v Speaker 0>maybe a rash I had in my arm or like

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00:08:12.519 --> 00:08:13.880
<v Speaker 0>flu symptoms that I had.

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00:08:14.200 --> 00:08:16.320
<v Speaker 0>Um, so most of us have probably done something like

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00:08:16.320 --> 00:08:17.440
<v Speaker 0>that at some point.

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00:08:17.750 --> 00:08:22.649
<v Speaker 0>Um, but, you know, what's important is, is that, uh,

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00:08:23.119 --> 00:08:25.220
<v Speaker 0>the difference today is, is that AI.

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00:08:26.260 --> 00:08:29.519
<v Speaker 0>Uh, is that AI is increasingly embedded in the way

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00:08:29.570 --> 00:08:30.420
<v Speaker 0>information is delivered.

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00:08:30.579 --> 00:08:33.099
<v Speaker 0>So, even when you Google, uh, even when you do

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00:08:33.099 --> 00:08:35.359
<v Speaker 0>any type of Google search now, so here, I googled,

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00:08:35.380 --> 00:08:37.400
<v Speaker 0>what is a pediatric psychologist, as you see.

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00:08:37.659 --> 00:08:40.619
<v Speaker 0>Um, as you see here, Google generated an AI overview,

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00:08:40.780 --> 00:08:44.020
<v Speaker 0>you will see that, um, the AI generates summary at

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00:08:44.020 --> 00:08:45.940
<v Speaker 0>the top of the search results on your phone or

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00:08:45.940 --> 00:08:47.260
<v Speaker 0>whether it be on your website.

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00:08:47.380 --> 00:08:50.260
<v Speaker 0>So, whether you want to be experiencing this or not

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00:08:50.260 --> 00:08:53.140
<v Speaker 0>at AI, it's happening um to us before we even

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00:08:53.140 --> 00:08:53.659
<v Speaker 0>know it.

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00:08:55.849 --> 00:08:58.250
<v Speaker 0>So why turn, why are teens turned to AI?

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00:08:58.450 --> 00:09:01.289
<v Speaker 0>Um, there are several factors that we're finding that's, and,

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00:09:01.369 --> 00:09:03.690
<v Speaker 0>um, and we're, what we're reading about is driving this

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00:09:03.690 --> 00:09:04.159
<v Speaker 0>trend.

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00:09:04.570 --> 00:09:07.760
<v Speaker 0>One reason is the desire to feel seen and validated.

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00:09:08.049 --> 00:09:12.010
<v Speaker 0>AI systems are designed to respond quickly, um, and empathically,

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00:09:12.049 --> 00:09:14.049
<v Speaker 0>which can feel incredibly rewarding.

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00:09:14.409 --> 00:09:17.260
<v Speaker 0>Um, another factor is, um, limited trust in adults.

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00:09:17.400 --> 00:09:19.969
<v Speaker 0>Um, a lot of adolescents lack telling adults about what

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00:09:19.969 --> 00:09:21.349
<v Speaker 0>they're thinking, what they're feeling.

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00:09:21.729 --> 00:09:24.700
<v Speaker 0>Adolescence is a developmental period when many teens feel very

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00:09:24.700 --> 00:09:28.460
<v Speaker 0>hesitant to disclose personal concerns to their parents or to

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00:09:28.460 --> 00:09:29.520
<v Speaker 0>authority figures.

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00:09:30.260 --> 00:09:32.419
<v Speaker 0>There's also still a stigma when it comes to therapy,

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00:09:32.530 --> 00:09:35.119
<v Speaker 0>some families and, for some families and communities.

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00:09:35.500 --> 00:09:37.979
<v Speaker 0>And finally, there are very real costs and access barriers

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00:09:37.979 --> 00:09:39.119
<v Speaker 0>for mental health care.

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00:09:39.460 --> 00:09:41.299
<v Speaker 0>And so when you combine these factors with a tool

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00:09:41.299 --> 00:09:46.179
<v Speaker 0>that is anonymous, it's always available, it's free, it's not

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00:09:46.179 --> 00:09:49.500
<v Speaker 0>surprising that our adolescents are experimenting with AI as a

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00:09:49.500 --> 00:09:50.700
<v Speaker 0>source of support.

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00:09:51.940 --> 00:09:54.650
<v Speaker 0>So outside of emotional support, adolescents are also using a

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00:09:54.650 --> 00:09:55.900
<v Speaker 0>variety of other ways.

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00:09:56.179 --> 00:09:58.580
<v Speaker 0>So many still use it for homework, of course, studying,

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00:09:58.700 --> 00:10:01.580
<v Speaker 0>writing assignments, um, writing their essays.

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00:10:01.979 --> 00:10:04.539
<v Speaker 0>Others use it for social and emotional support, asking questions

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00:10:04.539 --> 00:10:08.599
<v Speaker 0>about friendships, relationships, or difficult situations that they've been in.

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00:10:09.020 --> 00:10:11.460
<v Speaker 0>Um, another emerging trend is the use of AI art

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00:10:11.460 --> 00:10:11.780
<v Speaker 0>tools.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99]}

00:10:11.859 --> 00:10:14.140
<v Speaker 0>So when teens generate images of themselves or their friends

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,100,100,100,100,95,99,99]}

00:10:14.140 --> 00:10:16.619
<v Speaker 0>in different scenarios, I know that a lot of teenagers

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,99,99,99,99,100,100,100]}

00:10:16.619 --> 00:10:19.409
<v Speaker 0>now are posting photos of themselves being in Hawaii, when

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,99]}

00:10:19.409 --> 00:10:21.219
<v Speaker 0>they're really just sitting at home and, and on the

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,98,67,99,99]}

00:10:21.219 --> 00:10:21.599
<v Speaker 0>couch.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:10:22.250 --> 00:10:27.010
<v Speaker 0>Um, And then some platforms also allow role-playing activities, um,

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00:10:27.059 --> 00:10:31.080
<v Speaker 0>role-playing games, simulated friendships, and even romantic chatbots as well.

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00:10:31.539 --> 00:10:34.020
<v Speaker 0>And part of the appeal is that AI is non-judgmental,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,94]}

00:10:34.179 --> 00:10:38.400
<v Speaker 0>non-judgmental, anonymous, and it's, again, it's always available 24/7.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[98,99,99,99,99,99,100,100,99]}

00:10:39.469 --> 00:10:41.390
<v Speaker 0>So I'm gonna turn it over to my colleague Darren

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00:10:41.390 --> 00:10:44.909
<v Speaker 0>Jansen, who's gonna be discussing the current literature on AI.

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00:10:49.619 --> 00:10:51.960
<v Speaker 1>Over the next few slides, our goal is to give

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:10:51.960 --> 00:10:55.859
<v Speaker 1>a broad overview of the development of AI as well

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00:10:55.859 --> 00:11:00.140
<v Speaker 1>as highlighting important research and conveying effectiveness within psychological uses.

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00:11:00.260 --> 00:11:02.690
<v Speaker 1>Uh, we all know that we've been hearing about AI

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00:11:02.690 --> 00:11:06.859
<v Speaker 1>developments relentlessly for the past few years, but this has

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99]}

00:11:06.859 --> 00:11:10.539
<v Speaker 1>actually been in the works for much longer than that.

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00:11:16.710 --> 00:11:21.109
<v Speaker 1>Uh, during the 1950s and 196960s and 191970s, early AI

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00:11:21.109 --> 00:11:26.010
<v Speaker 1>was launched and, and really used symbolic rule-based interaction systems.

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00:11:26.179 --> 00:11:29.070
<v Speaker 1>Uh, many of us learned about Eliza and our graduate

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00:11:29.070 --> 00:11:32.989
<v Speaker 1>training, which was designed, if we remember, um, to simulate

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,99,100,99,100,99]}

00:11:32.989 --> 00:11:34.530
<v Speaker 1>a Rogerian therapist.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,98,100]}

00:11:34.830 --> 00:11:37.630
<v Speaker 1>Uh, this system used pattern matching though, rather than possessing

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,99,100,100,100,100,100,99]}

00:11:37.630 --> 00:11:39.250
<v Speaker 1>a true AI understanding.

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00:11:39.299 --> 00:11:42.770
<v Speaker 1>Um, but we learned about it because it was important,

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00:11:42.830 --> 00:11:45.390
<v Speaker 1>um, that it demonstrated that people were willing to confide

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00:11:45.390 --> 00:11:46.250
<v Speaker 1>in machines.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100]}

00:11:47.489 --> 00:11:49.559
<v Speaker 1>During the 80s and 90s, we saw the rise of

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00:11:49.559 --> 00:11:53.039
<v Speaker 1>expert systems in medicine, and early diagnostic tools.

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00:11:53.849 --> 00:11:56.859
<v Speaker 1>But there was limited computing power to support this, and

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99]}

00:11:56.979 --> 00:11:59.880
<v Speaker 1>most of it at that point wasn't patient facing.

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00:12:00.799 --> 00:12:04.440
<v Speaker 1>Uh, at this point, AI was assisting professionals rather than

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00:12:04.440 --> 00:12:05.969
<v Speaker 1>having human interaction.

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00:12:06.159 --> 00:12:09.090
<v Speaker 1>In the, in the early 2000s, we started seeing online

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00:12:09.090 --> 00:12:11.789
<v Speaker 1>therapy platforms and digital mental health assessments.

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00:12:12.090 --> 00:12:14.489
<v Speaker 1>Uh, this was all still early in terms of machine

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00:12:14.489 --> 00:12:17.729
<v Speaker 1>learning, but large scale data sets were being started and

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00:12:17.729 --> 00:12:21.190
<v Speaker 1>we were shifting from rule-based AI to statistical learning.

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00:12:21.950 --> 00:12:25.390
<v Speaker 1>But bigger things started happening in 2010 to 2015, when

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00:12:25.390 --> 00:12:28.229
<v Speaker 1>the use of machine learning advanced and there was an

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00:12:28.229 --> 00:12:30.090
<v Speaker 1>increase in analytical prediction.

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00:12:30.429 --> 00:12:33.669
<v Speaker 1>Uh, and there's also increases in available technology at that

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00:12:33.669 --> 00:12:37.390
<v Speaker 1>point that made it possible, uh, and early AI-driven behavioral

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00:12:37.390 --> 00:12:40.190
<v Speaker 1>health systems started to be released to the public with

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00:12:40.190 --> 00:12:42.450
<v Speaker 1>a higher level of pattern recognition.

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00:12:47.700 --> 00:12:51.700
<v Speaker 1>AI became directly consumer facing in the next few years

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00:12:51.700 --> 00:12:53.880
<v Speaker 1>from 2016 to 2019.

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00:12:55.049 --> 00:12:58.679
<v Speaker 1>Uh, conversational AI chatbots became available for mental health support,

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00:12:59.140 --> 00:13:04.090
<v Speaker 1>which allowed for 24/7 availability and support using validated techniques.

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00:13:04.409 --> 00:13:08.260
<v Speaker 1>Um, things massively accelerated as we all remember during the

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00:13:08.260 --> 00:13:12.099
<v Speaker 1>early pandemic years from 2020 to 2022, due to the

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00:13:12.099 --> 00:13:17.580
<v Speaker 1>increased demand for mental health services, this, uh, all led

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00:13:17.580 --> 00:13:21.140
<v Speaker 1>to that teletherapy boom that we experienced, um, and there

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00:13:21.140 --> 00:13:24.780
<v Speaker 1>was this rapid increase in AI triage and support tools

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00:13:24.780 --> 00:13:25.659
<v Speaker 1>during that time.

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00:13:26.010 --> 00:13:29.429
<v Speaker 1>Uh, there was also increased investment in digital mental health

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00:13:29.429 --> 00:13:34.260
<v Speaker 1>startups, um, which led to increased accessibility for individuals as

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,99,99,100,100,100]}

00:13:34.260 --> 00:13:34.479
<v Speaker 1>well.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:13:36.179 --> 00:13:40.260
<v Speaker 1>Over the past couple of years to now, generative AI

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00:13:40.260 --> 00:13:44.169
<v Speaker 1>and the use of large language models has transformed the

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00:13:44.169 --> 00:13:45.059
<v Speaker 1>conversational quality.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100]}

00:13:45.900 --> 00:13:49.359
<v Speaker 1>This has led to AI offering more seemingly natural and

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:13:49.359 --> 00:13:50.929
<v Speaker 1>empathic interactions.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100]}

00:13:51.260 --> 00:13:54.809
<v Speaker 1>It's also allowed for greater integration into therapy platforms, and

NOTE CONF {"raw":[94,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100,99]}

00:13:54.809 --> 00:13:57.969
<v Speaker 1>we've seen an increase in ethical debates around this area

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00:13:57.969 --> 00:14:02.729
<v Speaker 1>in terms of things like safety, um, understanding AI hallucinations,

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00:14:02.770 --> 00:14:06.369
<v Speaker 1>and, and even, um, beginning to see over-reliance.

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00:14:07.619 --> 00:14:11.500
<v Speaker 1>With broader AI systems being released, we've moved from scripted

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00:14:11.500 --> 00:14:14.299
<v Speaker 1>responses to contextual reasoning.

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00:14:14.969 --> 00:14:20.090
<v Speaker 1>Essentially, AI and mental health evolved from rule-based chatbots to

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00:14:20.090 --> 00:14:22.070
<v Speaker 1>generative conversational systems.

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00:14:22.369 --> 00:14:26.429
<v Speaker 1>Uh, there's increased accessibility, scalability, and personalization.

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00:14:27.320 --> 00:14:30.400
<v Speaker 1>And as a result, there's an ongoing need for ethical

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00:14:30.400 --> 00:14:31.979
<v Speaker 1>oversight and clinical rigor.

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00:14:32.359 --> 00:14:35.000
<v Speaker 1>Where we go from here isn't entirely filled in.

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00:14:35.799 --> 00:14:39.000
<v Speaker 1>And yet, there are pathways for AI to help effective

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00:14:39.000 --> 00:14:41.719
<v Speaker 1>mental health care, which is what we're exploring today.

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<v Speaker 1>Mm Even if you're just starting to recognize this, AI

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00:14:50.159 --> 00:14:52.440
<v Speaker 1>is no longer able to be ignored by us as

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00:14:52.440 --> 00:14:53.140
<v Speaker 1>professionals.

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00:14:54.219 --> 00:14:56.140
<v Speaker 1>For some of us who were born back in the

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<v Speaker 1>1900s, uh, it may be helpful to think about the

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00:15:00.140 --> 00:15:02.320
<v Speaker 1>parallels with the development of the internet.

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<v Speaker 1>Uh, the birth of the internet happened way before it

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00:15:06.099 --> 00:15:07.679
<v Speaker 1>became a necessity in our lives.

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00:15:08.570 --> 00:15:11.789
<v Speaker 1>It wasn't until the public could first access the internet,

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00:15:11.809 --> 00:15:16.010
<v Speaker 1>when Mosaic, um, and a year later, Netscape Navigator, uh,

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00:15:16.020 --> 00:15:18.849
<v Speaker 1>was released that we started to see how um important

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00:15:18.849 --> 00:15:19.909
<v Speaker 1>this could become.

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<v Speaker 1>This is the same for AI.

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00:15:22.750 --> 00:15:27.150
<v Speaker 1>Uh, although developers recognized around 2016 that deep learning had

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<v Speaker 1>reached the tipping point, the rest of the public didn't

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<v Speaker 1>understand this in the same way until a point of

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00:15:32.349 --> 00:15:34.789
<v Speaker 1>access was released in late 2022.

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00:15:35.229 --> 00:15:37.190
<v Speaker 1>Uh, what we know is the world has changed with

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00:15:37.190 --> 00:15:41.309
<v Speaker 1>the development of AI and for better or worse, we

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00:15:41.309 --> 00:15:43.729
<v Speaker 1>aren't able to go backwards at this point.

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00:15:48.479 --> 00:15:52.900
<v Speaker 1>In December of 2025, there was an executive order um

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00:15:52.900 --> 00:15:56.440
<v Speaker 1>in response to state regulations that were believed to be

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00:15:56.440 --> 00:15:59.020
<v Speaker 1>threatening to stifle USAI innovation.

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<v Speaker 1>It built upon America's AI Action Plan, which was released

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00:16:04.309 --> 00:16:08.250
<v Speaker 1>in July of 2025, and aimed to create a unified

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00:16:08.250 --> 00:16:10.070
<v Speaker 1>strategy across the country.

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<v Speaker 1>More recently, on March 20th, a week ago today, the

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<v Speaker 1>Trump administration unveiled its National Policy framework for Artificial intelligence,

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00:16:20.289 --> 00:16:22.989
<v Speaker 1>which provided legislative recommendations.

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00:16:24.239 --> 00:16:28.919
<v Speaker 1>This is a strategic blueprint aimed at establishing a single

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00:16:28.919 --> 00:16:31.840
<v Speaker 1>uniform federal standard to govern AI development.

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00:16:31.919 --> 00:16:36.619
<v Speaker 1>Well, it also overrides our current patchwork of state regulations.

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<v Speaker 1>The framework emphasizes a light-touch regulatory approach designed to foster

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<v Speaker 1>innovation and, and ensure essentially American AI global dominance, um,

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00:16:46.359 --> 00:16:50.359
<v Speaker 1>and present, uh, prevent like what is seen as burdensome

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00:16:50.359 --> 00:16:53.659
<v Speaker 1>or inconsistent state rules from stopping AI development.

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<v Speaker 1>It's clear that the development of policy and regulation is

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<v Speaker 1>ongoing at this point.

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<v Speaker 1>Um, depending on who you talk with, there are many

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00:17:02.219 --> 00:17:04.280
<v Speaker 1>differing views on where we're headed.

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00:17:05.469 --> 00:17:08.800
<v Speaker 1>It's clear though that AI integration and development will transform

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00:17:08.800 --> 00:17:10.219
<v Speaker 1>many areas of our society.

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00:17:11.160 --> 00:17:14.589
<v Speaker 1>Including the ways that we understand and deliver medical and

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00:17:14.589 --> 00:17:15.900
<v Speaker 1>mental health care.

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00:17:22.359 --> 00:17:25.520
<v Speaker 1>With our focus being on how AI is transforming mental

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00:17:25.520 --> 00:17:28.520
<v Speaker 1>health care today, we want to spend a moment exploring

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00:17:28.520 --> 00:17:32.319
<v Speaker 1>the top tools for uh both patient emotional support and

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00:17:32.319 --> 00:17:35.920
<v Speaker 1>mood tracking, as, as well as applications that are using

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00:17:35.920 --> 00:17:40.520
<v Speaker 1>evidence-based techniques like cognitive behavioral therapy, uh, focusing on the

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00:17:40.520 --> 00:17:42.819
<v Speaker 1>HIPAA compliant AI systems.

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00:17:43.540 --> 00:17:48.979
<v Speaker 1>Weissa is an AI coach that offers 24/7 AI-driven emotional

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00:17:48.979 --> 00:17:53.439
<v Speaker 1>support, often using cognitive behavioral or dialectical behavioral techniques.

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00:17:54.599 --> 00:17:58.359
<v Speaker 1>Woebot is an AI powered chatbot designed as a mental

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00:17:58.359 --> 00:18:02.520
<v Speaker 1>health tool that uses CBT um to help with managing

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00:18:02.520 --> 00:18:07.819
<v Speaker 1>areas of mood, anxiety, and stress, uh, while the Lomia

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00:18:07.819 --> 00:18:12.119
<v Speaker 1>uh functions as an AI conversational companion, allowing users to

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00:18:12.119 --> 00:18:15.959
<v Speaker 1>discuss issues like stress, anxiety, depression, and even loneliness.

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00:18:16.640 --> 00:18:21.000
<v Speaker 1>Uh, Sonny, Ebb, Ash, these are the names of, of

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00:18:21.000 --> 00:18:25.760
<v Speaker 1>AI cha chatbots that are widely being used, and have

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00:18:25.760 --> 00:18:29.540
<v Speaker 1>long-term memory of conversations and emotional pattern tracking.

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00:18:31.000 --> 00:18:34.109
<v Speaker 1>For those of us in professional roles, there's also many

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00:18:34.109 --> 00:18:37.609
<v Speaker 1>AI tools designed to reduce administrative burden and, and enhance

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00:18:37.609 --> 00:18:38.729
<v Speaker 1>clinical outcomes.

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00:18:39.000 --> 00:18:42.609
<v Speaker 1>Uh, Upheal is an all in one platform combining telehealth

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00:18:42.609 --> 00:18:44.550
<v Speaker 1>with AI powered documentation.

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00:18:45.250 --> 00:18:48.939
<v Speaker 1>Metallic is a secure AI tool for generating structured progress

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00:18:48.939 --> 00:18:51.040
<v Speaker 1>notes and supporting team collaboration.

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00:18:51.780 --> 00:18:55.819
<v Speaker 1>Headspace Care uh provides direct access to human mental health

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00:18:55.819 --> 00:19:00.979
<v Speaker 1>care professionals for on-demand tech-based coaching, video therapy, and even

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00:19:00.979 --> 00:19:02.380
<v Speaker 1>psychiatry support.

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00:19:08.920 --> 00:19:11.959
<v Speaker 1>There's quite a bit of building support for how AI

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00:19:11.959 --> 00:19:15.079
<v Speaker 1>chatbots can be effective in, in many areas of, of

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00:19:15.079 --> 00:19:16.219
<v Speaker 1>mental health care.

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00:19:16.520 --> 00:19:19.520
<v Speaker 1>Um, this includes the ability for AI chatbots to allow

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00:19:19.520 --> 00:19:22.229
<v Speaker 1>for homework in new ways that can increase the patient's

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00:19:22.229 --> 00:19:27.520
<v Speaker 1>engagement, um, to provide language-based supports, and increase access for

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00:19:27.520 --> 00:19:30.380
<v Speaker 1>up to-date care that has traditionally been costly.

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00:19:31.739 --> 00:19:35.890
<v Speaker 1>One study using Woebot uh found that adults using this

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00:19:35.890 --> 00:19:39.599
<v Speaker 1>AI chatbot had significantly reduced symptoms of depression.

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00:19:40.400 --> 00:19:44.040
<v Speaker 1>Well, another study using the WIA AI chatbot found that

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00:19:44.040 --> 00:19:47.630
<v Speaker 1>adults who use this more had higher improvement, and the

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00:19:47.630 --> 00:19:50.260
<v Speaker 1>majority thought it was helpful for them.

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00:19:51.650 --> 00:19:54.849
<v Speaker 1>Uh, the, the research isn't strongly endorsing this though.

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00:19:55.250 --> 00:19:59.569
<v Speaker 1>Uh, 2020 meta-analysis found that there was only weak evidence

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00:19:59.569 --> 00:20:01.949
<v Speaker 1>for chatbots improving emotional issues.

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00:20:02.489 --> 00:20:06.349
<v Speaker 1>And although a more recent 2025 meta-analysis found that for

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00:20:06.349 --> 00:20:10.569
<v Speaker 1>teens and young adults using chatbot delivered interventions, it did

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00:20:10.569 --> 00:20:15.369
<v Speaker 1>reduce the stress, but for both of these meta-analyses, they

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00:20:15.369 --> 00:20:19.189
<v Speaker 1>found no significant effects on overall psychological well-being.

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00:20:19.689 --> 00:20:23.489
<v Speaker 1>Essentially, we can't deny the evidence on ways in which

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00:20:23.489 --> 00:20:27.170
<v Speaker 1>AI chatbots can be helpful, but we also have to

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00:20:27.170 --> 00:20:30.250
<v Speaker 1>continue to consider the factors that lead to true psychological

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<v Speaker 1>well-being as the ultimate outcome for the patients that we're

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00:20:34.130 --> 00:20:34.670
<v Speaker 1>supporting.

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00:20:39.949 --> 00:20:43.390
<v Speaker 1>There are also major limitations that continue to be present

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00:20:43.390 --> 00:20:45.589
<v Speaker 1>in using generative AI chatbots.

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00:20:45.910 --> 00:20:48.949
<v Speaker 1>Um, although they can be helpful, there are clear examples

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00:20:48.949 --> 00:20:52.709
<v Speaker 1>of how the support that AI chatbots offer can be

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00:20:52.709 --> 00:20:57.829
<v Speaker 1>at best inadequate, and at worst, misdirective or even harmful.

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00:20:58.920 --> 00:21:01.319
<v Speaker 1>People using them may not understand how to keep themselves

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00:21:01.319 --> 00:21:04.469
<v Speaker 1>safe from misinformation, and there's still a chance that the

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00:21:04.469 --> 00:21:07.119
<v Speaker 1>algorithms being used can be biased in ways that are

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<v Speaker 1>not helpful for the, for the person using them.

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00:21:11.160 --> 00:21:15.760
<v Speaker 1>Success in using AI chatbots is dependent on the user

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00:21:15.760 --> 00:21:18.410
<v Speaker 1>understanding the limitations and the relationship they can have with

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00:21:18.410 --> 00:21:22.319
<v Speaker 1>this, um, which becomes even more critical for patients with

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00:21:22.319 --> 00:21:23.060
<v Speaker 1>complex needs.

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00:21:24.780 --> 00:21:28.219
<v Speaker 1>In terms of where we're headed, consideration for methods of

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<v Speaker 1>delivery, allowing multiple communication methods to improve the quality, and

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00:21:33.020 --> 00:21:38.650
<v Speaker 1>considered a continued consideration for built-in privacy and security remains

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00:21:38.660 --> 00:21:39.400
<v Speaker 1>critical.

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00:21:44.229 --> 00:21:46.959
<v Speaker 1>It's also important to consider safety concerns.

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<v Speaker 1>Um, we've, uh, which has found mixed findings.

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<v Speaker 1>Although that 2020 meta-analysis found that no adverse events or

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<v Speaker 1>harms were reported, there's been more recent risks identified.

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00:21:59.290 --> 00:22:02.650
<v Speaker 1>Um, this has included the lack of regulation, and increasing

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<v Speaker 1>privacy concerns, as well as the potential for a person's

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00:22:06.650 --> 00:22:12.089
<v Speaker 1>over-reliance on, and a chatbot's limitations and on both understanding

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00:22:12.089 --> 00:22:14.609
<v Speaker 1>and then providing an appropriate guidance.

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00:22:15.770 --> 00:22:19.050
<v Speaker 1>Uh, this quote from Doctor Vasson at Stanford speaks to

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00:22:19.050 --> 00:22:21.770
<v Speaker 1>the fact that these truly can be powerful tools to

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00:22:21.770 --> 00:22:25.729
<v Speaker 1>use, but that the fine tuning for the therapeutic support

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00:22:25.729 --> 00:22:28.869
<v Speaker 1>process may not be entirely adequate yet.

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00:22:34.430 --> 00:22:37.890
<v Speaker 1>There are certainly many ethical areas to consider when it

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00:22:37.890 --> 00:22:39.209
<v Speaker 1>comes to AI use.

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00:22:39.540 --> 00:22:42.949
<v Speaker 1>Uh, one of these areas is in a user's therapeutic

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00:22:42.949 --> 00:22:47.949
<v Speaker 1>misconception, regarding ways to safely use and understand limitations with

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00:22:47.949 --> 00:22:50.209
<v Speaker 1>the information that a chatbot provides.

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00:22:50.869 --> 00:22:54.150
<v Speaker 1>That raises ethical concerns and that a patient's mental health

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00:22:54.150 --> 00:22:57.790
<v Speaker 1>could actually worsen as a result of using these rather

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00:22:57.790 --> 00:23:01.150
<v Speaker 1>than improve, and this could in a sense contribute to

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00:23:01.150 --> 00:23:02.969
<v Speaker 1>our global mental health crisis.

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00:23:04.500 --> 00:23:08.420
<v Speaker 1>When it comes to generative AI chatbots as therapists, we

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00:23:08.420 --> 00:23:11.180
<v Speaker 1>have to wrestle with ways to keep this safe and

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00:23:11.180 --> 00:23:15.219
<v Speaker 1>avoid harmful suggestions, to foster transparency and trust in the

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00:23:15.219 --> 00:23:20.500
<v Speaker 1>systems, and to maintain appropriate accountability for both users and

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00:23:20.500 --> 00:23:21.359
<v Speaker 1>developers.

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00:23:22.079 --> 00:23:25.579
<v Speaker 1>We can't lose sight of true empathy and connection, um,

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00:23:25.589 --> 00:23:27.680
<v Speaker 1>in a therapeutic relationship.

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00:23:28.500 --> 00:23:32.500
<v Speaker 1>While also being careful to avoid attributing humanity to what

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00:23:32.500 --> 00:23:34.660
<v Speaker 1>AI is essentially becoming.

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00:23:35.739 --> 00:23:38.670
<v Speaker 1>AI can be packaged in a way that manipulates users,

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00:23:38.750 --> 00:23:40.180
<v Speaker 1>which we have to legislate.

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00:23:40.510 --> 00:23:43.189
<v Speaker 1>We have to maintain high standards for both privacy and

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00:23:43.189 --> 00:23:43.880
<v Speaker 1>effectiveness.

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00:23:44.890 --> 00:23:47.569
<v Speaker 1>You know, we can't be primarily worried about how this

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00:23:47.569 --> 00:23:49.630
<v Speaker 1>will take over jobs from real people.

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00:23:50.359 --> 00:23:53.449
<v Speaker 1>But we also do have to carefully consider the ramifications

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00:23:53.449 --> 00:23:57.069
<v Speaker 1>from this evolving technology and industry, as we're moving forward,

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00:23:57.319 --> 00:23:59.729
<v Speaker 1>which is why I'm glad that you are all here

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00:23:59.729 --> 00:24:01.239
<v Speaker 1>and interested in this series.

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00:24:01.609 --> 00:24:04.290
<v Speaker 1>Uh, we have a responsibility to continue to do our

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00:24:04.290 --> 00:24:08.579
<v Speaker 1>professional part, to be thoughtful, uh, and, uh, also directive

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00:24:08.579 --> 00:24:11.170
<v Speaker 1>in the ways that we can minimize these ethical concerns

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00:24:11.170 --> 00:24:13.410
<v Speaker 1>and, and increase equitable outcomes.

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00:24:18.219 --> 00:24:23.959
<v Speaker 1>Fortunately, the American Psychological Association has recently provided ethical guidance

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,99,100,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:24:23.959 --> 00:24:25.560
<v Speaker 1>for AI usage as well.

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00:24:26.579 --> 00:24:29.380
<v Speaker 1>Uh, as we integrate AI into, into our practice, we

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,99,99,100,100,100]}

00:24:29.380 --> 00:24:33.010
<v Speaker 1>must clearly communicate the purpose, the risks, and the benefits

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00:24:33.010 --> 00:24:34.930
<v Speaker 1>of relevant AI tools.

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00:24:35.260 --> 00:24:38.020
<v Speaker 1>Um, we also need to evaluate AI systems with a

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00:24:38.020 --> 00:24:40.900
<v Speaker 1>focus on addressing bias and preventing an increase in existing

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00:24:40.900 --> 00:24:41.719
<v Speaker 1>disparities.

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00:24:42.060 --> 00:24:44.339
<v Speaker 1>And we should be selecting AI tools that can be

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00:24:44.339 --> 00:24:46.239
<v Speaker 1>used in a HIPAA-compliant manner.

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00:24:46.959 --> 00:24:49.949
<v Speaker 1>Uh, as well as be high quality in, in performance.

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00:24:50.939 --> 00:24:53.459
<v Speaker 1>We, we also have to take responsibility for the quality

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00:24:53.459 --> 00:24:57.420
<v Speaker 1>of the information and discontinue using these tools if misinformation

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00:24:57.420 --> 00:24:58.060
<v Speaker 1>arises.

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00:24:58.339 --> 00:25:03.339
<v Speaker 1>Ultimately, we as professionals remain responsible for these decisions, and

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00:25:03.339 --> 00:25:07.300
<v Speaker 1>we must consider liability in both selecting AI tools and

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00:25:07.300 --> 00:25:10.420
<v Speaker 1>ensuring uh patient understanding.

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00:25:12.270 --> 00:25:14.079
<v Speaker 1>I'm gonna turn it back over to Doctor Wind Driver

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00:25:14.079 --> 00:25:15.689
<v Speaker 1>to talk about benefits and risks.

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00:25:17.619 --> 00:25:17.979
<v Speaker 0>All right.

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00:25:18.060 --> 00:25:18.760
<v Speaker 0>Thank you.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[71,99]}

00:25:19.650 --> 00:25:22.530
<v Speaker 0>Yeah, so, getting into the benefits and risks here.

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00:25:22.609 --> 00:25:25.010
<v Speaker 0>So let's start by discussing one of the major benefits

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00:25:25.010 --> 00:25:28.829
<v Speaker 0>of AI for adolescents, which is convenience.

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00:25:29.119 --> 00:25:34.000
<v Speaker 0>Um, AI tools can provide immediate access, uh, 24/7 to

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00:25:34.000 --> 00:25:34.359
<v Speaker 0>information.

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00:25:34.719 --> 00:25:37.849
<v Speaker 0>Um, it can offer really good coping strategies when it's

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00:25:37.849 --> 00:25:40.050
<v Speaker 0>doing, when it's doing what it's supposed to be doing.

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00:25:40.380 --> 00:25:43.290
<v Speaker 0>Um, it can provide psychoeducation at any time of day.

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00:25:43.760 --> 00:25:46.800
<v Speaker 0>So compared to traditional internet searches, as we know, AI

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00:25:46.800 --> 00:25:49.819
<v Speaker 0>can also provide more personalized responses.

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00:25:50.359 --> 00:25:52.640
<v Speaker 0>But there are some potential downsides.

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00:25:52.750 --> 00:25:56.400
<v Speaker 0>So, for example, adolescents may stay up late interacting with

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00:25:56.400 --> 00:26:00.359
<v Speaker 0>these chatbots, so which can contribute to sleep disruption and

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00:26:00.359 --> 00:26:01.430
<v Speaker 0>increased screen time.

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00:26:01.719 --> 00:26:04.040
<v Speaker 0>And as a parent, I already worry about my own

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00:26:04.040 --> 00:26:04.729
<v Speaker 0>teens.

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00:26:04.920 --> 00:26:09.020
<v Speaker 0>I'm staying up late, texting, uh, do scrolling, uh, bed

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00:26:09.020 --> 00:26:12.109
<v Speaker 0>rotting, they're in their rooms just like Staying on social

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00:26:12.109 --> 00:26:13.989
<v Speaker 0>media, streaming movies, playing games.

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00:26:14.270 --> 00:26:16.890
<v Speaker 0>Now, AI adds another layer of concern.

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00:26:17.510 --> 00:26:21.069
<v Speaker 0>Um, there's also concern that heavy reliance on AI for

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00:26:21.069 --> 00:26:25.109
<v Speaker 0>emotional interactions may reduce time spent connecting with family and

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00:26:25.109 --> 00:26:28.949
<v Speaker 0>friends, and their siblings or, um, with the, within their

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00:26:28.949 --> 00:26:29.250
<v Speaker 0>community.

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00:26:29.709 --> 00:26:34.500
<v Speaker 0>And some emerging research suggests that AI companionships increases, um,

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00:26:34.510 --> 00:26:38.310
<v Speaker 0>feelings of loneliness and poor mental health outcomes may also

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00:26:38.310 --> 00:26:38.810
<v Speaker 0>increase.

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00:26:41.949 --> 00:26:42.630
<v Speaker 0>Let's see.

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00:26:44.869 --> 00:26:47.849
<v Speaker 0>Another potential benefit of AI is that it can create

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00:26:47.849 --> 00:26:51.489
<v Speaker 0>a low stakes space for emotional disclosure.

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00:26:52.150 --> 00:26:55.189
<v Speaker 0>So some adolescents find it easier to talk about different

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:26:55.189 --> 00:26:58.989
<v Speaker 0>feelings or difficult feelings when they believe they're interacting with

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00:26:58.989 --> 00:27:01.310
<v Speaker 0>something that will, that won't judge them.

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00:27:01.540 --> 00:27:04.260
<v Speaker 0>Um, however, this raises a lot of ethical concerns.

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00:27:04.579 --> 00:27:09.390
<v Speaker 0>Unlike therapy, there's no consent process, there's no clear confidentiality

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00:27:09.390 --> 00:27:09.869
<v Speaker 0>framework.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:27:09.949 --> 00:27:11.670
<v Speaker 0>There's no parental involvement.

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00:27:12.089 --> 00:27:15.609
<v Speaker 0>Um, parents are generally unaware of what, um, their children

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00:27:15.609 --> 00:27:19.589
<v Speaker 0>may be discussing with AI systems, and AI cannot provide

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00:27:19.589 --> 00:27:22.930
<v Speaker 0>real-time crisis monitoring the way a licensed therapist can.

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00:27:23.369 --> 00:27:27.640
<v Speaker 0>A therapist can actually check in, assess, do risk assessment,

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00:27:27.650 --> 00:27:29.810
<v Speaker 0>and notify trusted adults if there are concerns about the

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00:27:29.810 --> 00:27:32.180
<v Speaker 0>teen's safety or the safety of others.

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00:27:32.290 --> 00:27:34.689
<v Speaker 0>So while AI may feel like a safe place to

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:27:34.689 --> 00:27:38.010
<v Speaker 0>talk, um, it operates outside of the ethical safeguards we

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00:27:38.010 --> 00:27:40.530
<v Speaker 0>expect in our professional work that we do for our

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00:27:40.530 --> 00:27:41.229
<v Speaker 0>patients.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:27:42.040 --> 00:27:46.310
<v Speaker 0>AI chopouts are often designed to appear empathic and supportive.

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00:27:46.520 --> 00:27:50.520
<v Speaker 0>They may encourage reflection, journaling, practicing social skills.

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00:27:50.589 --> 00:27:52.280
<v Speaker 0>Those are all really great things.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:27:52.760 --> 00:27:56.439
<v Speaker 0>Um, some reports suggest that sexual or romantic roleplay is

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,99,100,99,100]}

00:27:56.439 --> 00:27:59.959
<v Speaker 0>3 times more common than using these platforms for homework.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:28:00.359 --> 00:28:03.400
<v Speaker 0>So for teens who want a romantic relationship, but have

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:28:03.400 --> 00:28:06.349
<v Speaker 0>trouble finding one in real life, um, somebody that they

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00:28:06.349 --> 00:28:10.540
<v Speaker 0>connect with, AI boyfriends, AI girlfriends are becoming extremely popular.

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00:28:10.760 --> 00:28:13.439
<v Speaker 0>Um, these chatbots give adolescents a way to experience what

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00:28:13.439 --> 00:28:16.260
<v Speaker 0>a romantic relationship might feel like.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:28:16.630 --> 00:28:19.319
<v Speaker 0>Um, and they also tend to provide consistent positive feedback

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:28:19.319 --> 00:28:24.780
<v Speaker 0>and validation, which can make users feel understood, supported, appreciated.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:28:25.420 --> 00:28:27.780
<v Speaker 0>But there are important developmental concerns here.

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00:28:27.900 --> 00:28:31.739
<v Speaker 0>Many AI systems are programmed to frequently agree with users

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00:28:31.739 --> 00:28:33.420
<v Speaker 0>to maintain their engagement.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100]}

00:28:33.500 --> 00:28:36.099
<v Speaker 0>Their goal is to continue to keep you on these

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00:28:36.099 --> 00:28:36.810
<v Speaker 0>platforms.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:28:37.219 --> 00:28:39.640
<v Speaker 0>And this can lead to what we call um psycho

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00:28:39.640 --> 00:28:44.979
<v Speaker 0>psychopathy or a sycophantic, which refers to the excessive agreement

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00:28:44.979 --> 00:28:48.000
<v Speaker 0>or flattery without any critical feedback whatsoever.

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00:28:49.060 --> 00:28:51.900
<v Speaker 0>And we know in real relationships, too, we experience, you

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,99,99,100,100]}

00:28:51.900 --> 00:28:55.579
<v Speaker 0>know, adolescence, and we as adults too, we experience disagreement,

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00:28:55.699 --> 00:28:58.890
<v Speaker 0>um, conflict, misunderstanding, and honest feedback.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:28:58.939 --> 00:29:00.849
<v Speaker 0>And we know teens are going to give honest feedback,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[98,100,100,99,100,95,95,98,100,100]}

00:29:00.939 --> 00:29:01.459
<v Speaker 0>right?

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:29:01.729 --> 00:29:05.060
<v Speaker 0>Um, and these experiences are essential for adolescents to develop

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00:29:05.060 --> 00:29:07.829
<v Speaker 0>social Awareness, social skills, and communication skills.

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00:29:08.150 --> 00:29:11.229
<v Speaker 0>So if a teen says something inappropriate, um, or annoying

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00:29:11.229 --> 00:29:13.469
<v Speaker 0>to another or a friend of theirs, they might receive

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00:29:13.469 --> 00:29:16.219
<v Speaker 0>immediate feedback, or they might be ignored by their teens.

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00:29:16.510 --> 00:29:20.949
<v Speaker 0>And that process helps them learn social cues, perspective-taking, interpersonal

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00:29:20.949 --> 00:29:21.810
<v Speaker 0>boundaries.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:29:24.119 --> 00:29:29.839
<v Speaker 0>Um, AI interactions make, by contrast, can become one-sided parasocial

NOTE CONF {"raw":[98,100,100,99,100,100,100,100,99,99]}

00:29:29.839 --> 00:29:34.839
<v Speaker 0>relationships or sometimes called delusional relationships, where the adolescent receives

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00:29:34.839 --> 00:29:38.479
<v Speaker 0>validation without normal social learning that occurs in pure relationships,

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00:29:38.599 --> 00:29:40.800
<v Speaker 0>kind of like what I was saying earlier, AI boyfriends

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00:29:40.800 --> 00:29:45.979
<v Speaker 0>and girlfriends can encourage unhealthy attachments and set unrealistic standards

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00:29:46.040 --> 00:29:49.439
<v Speaker 0>for real work, for real-world experiences.

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00:29:51.780 --> 00:29:56.410
<v Speaker 0>Um, Research on AI companionship and loneliness is still evolving.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[94,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:29:56.660 --> 00:29:59.979
<v Speaker 0>Um, some studies suggest that interacting with AI companions can

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:29:59.979 --> 00:30:02.439
<v Speaker 0>reduce feelings of loneliness in the short term.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,99]}

00:30:02.739 --> 00:30:04.979
<v Speaker 0>However, other research suggests a different pattern.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,99,100,100,100]}

00:30:05.229 --> 00:30:08.849
<v Speaker 0>Loneliness may initially lead adolescents to seek out AI companionship,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,99,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:30:09.099 --> 00:30:12.239
<v Speaker 0>but over time, the reliance on AI interactions may actually

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,99,100,99,100,100]}

00:30:12.369 --> 00:30:16.339
<v Speaker 0>exacerbate those feelings of isolation, loneliness, and poor mental health

NOTE CONF {"raw":[50,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:30:16.339 --> 00:30:17.030
<v Speaker 0>outcomes.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:30:17.339 --> 00:30:19.939
<v Speaker 0>So the relationship between AI companionship and loneliness appeared to

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,66,99]}

00:30:19.939 --> 00:30:22.599
<v Speaker 0>be complex and um bidirectional.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,99,99]}

00:30:24.510 --> 00:30:27.599
<v Speaker 0>Um, AI can also provide information about mental health conditions,

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00:30:27.800 --> 00:30:30.359
<v Speaker 0>medical symptoms, like I was talking about earlier, and coping

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00:30:30.359 --> 00:30:31.040
<v Speaker 0>strategies.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99]}

00:30:31.400 --> 00:30:34.880
<v Speaker 0>So, for example, it may suggest mindfulness activities or general

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:30:34.880 --> 00:30:37.099
<v Speaker 0>stress management techniques, and these are great.

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00:30:37.660 --> 00:30:40.939
<v Speaker 0>Um, however, there's significant risks that adolescents rely on, um,

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00:30:40.949 --> 00:30:43.270
<v Speaker 0>AI for medical or psychological advice.

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00:30:43.709 --> 00:30:49.140
<v Speaker 0>Um, AI systems may provide incorrect, incomplete, or unsafe recommendations,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,98,99,100,100,99,100,99,100]}

00:30:49.540 --> 00:30:54.270
<v Speaker 0>particularly in situations involving self-harm, medication, or crisis when they

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,99,100,99,99,100]}

00:30:54.270 --> 00:30:57.219
<v Speaker 0>should be really seeing their, uh, pediatrician or their, uh,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,99,99,99,98,100,100,99,88]}

00:30:57.229 --> 00:30:58.530
<v Speaker 0>primary care physician.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100]}

00:30:58.979 --> 00:31:02.380
<v Speaker 0>Another limitation is that AI cannot do a behavioral observation,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,99,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:31:02.489 --> 00:31:02.689
<v Speaker 0>right?

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:31:02.859 --> 00:31:07.500
<v Speaker 0>So, observing nonverbal cues such as affect, tone, uh, behavior,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,99,100]}

00:31:07.579 --> 00:31:10.260
<v Speaker 0>which are often critical in assessing mental health risks when

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,99,100,100,100,99,100]}

00:31:10.260 --> 00:31:11.989
<v Speaker 0>they're sitting in the room with you.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,79,100,100,100]}

00:31:12.219 --> 00:31:14.410
<v Speaker 0>And so for this reason, AI systems are not currently

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99]}

00:31:14.410 --> 00:31:14.739
<v Speaker 0>sufficient.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[6]}

00:31:14.834 --> 00:31:18.954
<v Speaker 0>sophisticated, um, enough to reliably handle crisis, uh, conversations.

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00:31:18.994 --> 00:31:21.875
<v Speaker 0>And I do know that some of these, uh, platforms

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,99,99]}

00:31:21.875 --> 00:31:23.954
<v Speaker 0>that Darren was talking about earlier, some of them are

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,99,100,100,100,99,100,100,99]}

00:31:23.954 --> 00:31:27.435
<v Speaker 0>now attaching cameras to that so that they can visually

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00:31:27.435 --> 00:31:30.114
<v Speaker 0>see you, um, in your session or, or in your

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,99,100,99,99,99,99,100,100]}

00:31:30.114 --> 00:31:30.375
<v Speaker 0>home.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:31:32.160 --> 00:31:33.959
<v Speaker 0>Um, let's see.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,98,99]}

00:31:36.369 --> 00:31:39.930
<v Speaker 0>AI tools can also support adolescents' sense of autonomy and

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,99,99,100,100,100]}

00:31:39.930 --> 00:31:40.739
<v Speaker 0>self-reflection.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99]}

00:31:40.900 --> 00:31:43.449
<v Speaker 0>Some teens use AI to journal, like I was saying

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,99,100,99,100,100,99]}

00:31:43.449 --> 00:31:46.650
<v Speaker 0>earlier, track moves or often think through difficult situations, social

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:31:46.650 --> 00:31:47.359
<v Speaker 0>stories.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:31:47.660 --> 00:31:50.540
<v Speaker 0>Um, however, there are significant privacy concerns associated with these

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,100,99,99,100,100]}

00:31:50.540 --> 00:31:51.010
<v Speaker 0>tools.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:31:51.500 --> 00:31:55.160
<v Speaker 0>Many users assume that their conversations with AI are private.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:31:55.459 --> 00:31:57.869
<v Speaker 0>But in reality, these interactions are stored.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:31:57.979 --> 00:31:59.760
<v Speaker 0>They're often stored and may be used to.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,99,91,95,99,100]}

00:32:00.155 --> 00:32:04.155
<v Speaker 0>those AI models become stronger or accessed by these developers.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,99,100,99,99,100,100,100]}

00:32:04.454 --> 00:32:06.974
<v Speaker 0>And there's no legal confidentiality equivalent to what we see

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:32:06.974 --> 00:32:08.055
<v Speaker 0>in healthcare settings.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100]}

00:32:08.375 --> 00:32:12.525
<v Speaker 0>So there's a broader regulatory consideration involving HIPAPAA and COPA

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00:32:12.525 --> 00:32:16.415
<v Speaker 0>and FERPA, um, particularly when minors are involved.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,96,99,99,100,99,100,100]}

00:32:16.614 --> 00:32:20.375
<v Speaker 0>And additionally, AI outputs may reflect biases presenting in training

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,99,100,99,99,99,99]}

00:32:20.375 --> 00:32:23.415
<v Speaker 0>data, which could disproportionately affect marginalized youth.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,99,97,100,100,99]}

00:32:26.989 --> 00:32:30.069
<v Speaker 0>So one potential advantage of AI is that it may

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:32:30.069 --> 00:32:33.349
<v Speaker 0>help expand access to information and mental health support, particularly

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99]}

00:32:33.349 --> 00:32:35.790
<v Speaker 0>in areas where mental health providers are very limited, in

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,90]}

00:32:35.790 --> 00:32:36.910
<v Speaker 0>rural areas.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100]}

00:32:37.300 --> 00:32:40.369
<v Speaker 0>Um, for underserved communities, AI may sometimes feel like the

NOTE CONF {"raw":[83,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:32:40.369 --> 00:32:43.130
<v Speaker 0>only available resource that's out there for guidance.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:32:43.469 --> 00:32:45.699
<v Speaker 0>And there's also discussion within the mental health field about

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:32:45.699 --> 00:32:48.189
<v Speaker 0>whether AI tools could help address clinical burnout.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:32:48.349 --> 00:32:52.750
<v Speaker 0>So, we know as psychologists, we're being task to do

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,99,99,99,98,100,25,99,99]}

00:32:52.750 --> 00:32:55.310
<v Speaker 0>a lot of clinical work, um, in a little amount

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:32:55.310 --> 00:32:55.949
<v Speaker 0>of time.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99]}

00:32:56.270 --> 00:32:58.290
<v Speaker 0>Uh, we've got to increase those RVUs.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[95,14,82,81,99,99,99]}

00:32:58.540 --> 00:33:01.859
<v Speaker 0>Um, and so, it can lead to clinical burnout, which,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[69,97,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:33:01.869 --> 00:33:04.510
<v Speaker 0>by supporting certain educational and informational tasks.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,83,99,99]}

00:33:04.790 --> 00:33:07.790
<v Speaker 0>At the same time, there's concern that relying on AI

NOTE CONF {"raw":[83,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:33:07.790 --> 00:33:12.170
<v Speaker 0>could eventually lead to substituting technology for actual human care,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,99,100,99,100,100]}

00:33:12.469 --> 00:33:15.160
<v Speaker 0>which is so important, rather than using it as a

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,100,99,99,99,99,99,98]}

00:33:15.160 --> 00:33:16.849
<v Speaker 0>more like a supplemental tool.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99]}

00:33:19.709 --> 00:33:22.030
<v Speaker 0>And then finally, um, oh, let's see here.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,99,100,99]}

00:33:22.150 --> 00:33:22.829
<v Speaker 0>Sorry about that.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[83,99,100]}

00:33:23.030 --> 00:33:23.910
<v Speaker 0>Um, oh yeah.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99]}

00:33:24.150 --> 00:33:28.030
<v Speaker 0>Finally, an interesting development is that some adolescents themselves are

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99]}

00:33:28.030 --> 00:33:29.829
<v Speaker 0>beginning to express concerns about AI.

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00:33:30.010 --> 00:33:33.069
<v Speaker 0>So there's some pushback that's going on here, um, with

NOTE CONF {"raw":[98,99,99,99,100,100,99,99,99,99]}

00:33:33.069 --> 00:33:35.560
<v Speaker 0>this wave of, wave of the adolescent young girls who

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,76,99,99,8,0]}

00:33:35.560 --> 00:33:36.540
<v Speaker 0>are talking about AI.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[98,99,100,100]}

00:33:37.030 --> 00:33:39.229
<v Speaker 0>One issue that has come up in conversation with teens

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00:33:39.229 --> 00:33:40.869
<v Speaker 0>is the environmental impact of AI.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,99,39]}

00:33:40.936 --> 00:33:41.656
<v Speaker 0>AI technologies.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,7]}

00:33:41.776 --> 00:33:46.215
<v Speaker 0>So, these large AI models require significant computing power, which

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:33:46.215 --> 00:33:49.696
<v Speaker 0>can involve high energy consumption and water use for cooling

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,99,100,99,100,99,99,100]}

00:33:49.696 --> 00:33:50.635
<v Speaker 0>these data centers.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100]}

00:33:51.015 --> 00:33:54.176
<v Speaker 0>So, while this may not be the primary concern for

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,100]}

00:33:54.176 --> 00:33:57.456
<v Speaker 0>most teens, it does illustrate that young people are beginning

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:33:57.456 --> 00:34:00.615
<v Speaker 0>to think critically, um, about the broader societal impact of

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,99,100,100,100,99,100,100]}

00:34:00.615 --> 00:34:01.796
<v Speaker 0>AI technologies.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99]}

00:34:02.056 --> 00:34:04.602
<v Speaker 0>And And many teens, um, are also starting to recognize

NOTE CONF {"raw":[98,78,94,99,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:34:04.602 --> 00:34:07.862
<v Speaker 0>that relying too heavily on AI can reduce their independent

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,98,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:34:07.862 --> 00:34:08.382
<v Speaker 0>thinking.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:34:08.961 --> 00:34:10.961
<v Speaker 0>It can lead to less active use of their own

NOTE CONF {"raw":[84,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,100]}

00:34:10.961 --> 00:34:13.802
<v Speaker 0>judgment and fewer opportunities to build critical thinking skills.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,98,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:34:14.082 --> 00:34:16.082
<v Speaker 0>So, yes, I'm glad that, you know, teens are starting

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,93,99,100,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:34:16.082 --> 00:34:17.521
<v Speaker 0>to, you know, kind of have a little bit of

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,70,61,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:34:17.521 --> 00:34:21.062
<v Speaker 0>pushback and starting to think about um the, the cons

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99,99]}

00:34:21.062 --> 00:34:23.112
<v Speaker 0>or the risks that are involved with AI.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,99,99,99,99,99,100]}

00:34:24.878 --> 00:34:25.090
<v Speaker 0>All right.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[95,97]}

00:34:25.169 --> 00:34:27.449
<v Speaker 0>I'm gonna hand it over to Darren again to discuss

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00:34:27.449 --> 00:34:28.729
<v Speaker 0>strategies and recommendations.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[95,99,97]}

00:34:48.499 --> 00:34:50.299
<v Speaker 0>Oh Did you wanna unmute yourself?

NOTE CONF {"raw":[42,50,55,50,89,77]}

00:34:59.209 --> 00:35:00.649
<v Speaker 0>I think you're still unmuted, Darren.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[81,72,98,99,98,95]}

00:35:05.120 --> 00:35:05.129
<v Speaker 0>OK.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[42]}

00:35:06.760 --> 00:35:10.330
<v Speaker 1>All right, technology, you're all locked up on me, um,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,96,19,79,100,100,100,100,96]}

00:35:10.409 --> 00:35:11.389
<v Speaker 1>but I think we have it now.

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00:35:12.590 --> 00:35:15.830
<v Speaker 1>So, now that we've laid out the progression of AI,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:35:15.959 --> 00:35:18.750
<v Speaker 1>uh, as well as the risks and benefits, we're at

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:35:18.750 --> 00:35:21.350
<v Speaker 1>the point of reviewing some practical ways that we should

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:35:21.350 --> 00:35:24.110
<v Speaker 1>be thinking about AI and, and AI chatbot usage for

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,99,99,100,99,100,100]}

00:35:24.110 --> 00:35:25.340
<v Speaker 1>our patients and students.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100]}

00:35:25.590 --> 00:35:29.969
<v Speaker 1>So in, in preparing for this presentation, It got me

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100]}

00:35:29.969 --> 00:35:31.090
<v Speaker 1>thinking about where we're heading.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,99]}

00:35:31.919 --> 00:35:34.560
<v Speaker 1>Uh, if, if we can get developers to stick to

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:35:34.560 --> 00:35:39.290
<v Speaker 1>evidence-based approaches, to program these chatbots in safe and ethically

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,99,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:35:39.290 --> 00:35:43.159
<v Speaker 1>appropriate ways, and they're used in coordination with a trained

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,100]}

00:35:43.159 --> 00:35:47.179
<v Speaker 1>therapist, then the question is, how can these be helpful?

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100]}

00:35:48.070 --> 00:35:50.239
<v Speaker 1>Uh, we have to be able to answer this question,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:35:50.260 --> 00:35:54.260
<v Speaker 1>as our patients are already developing their own answers with

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:35:54.260 --> 00:35:59.100
<v Speaker 1>these types of ideas about the experience, um, access, or

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100]}

00:35:59.100 --> 00:35:59.439
<v Speaker 1>cost.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100]}

00:36:08.270 --> 00:36:10.830
<v Speaker 1>Here's an example of how this might be used with

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:10.830 --> 00:36:14.919
<v Speaker 1>a, a cute little penguin AI chatbot named WIA.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[90,99,100,100,99,100,100,100,24]}

00:36:16.149 --> 00:36:19.989
<v Speaker 1>The AI will ask questions and take in information from

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100]}

00:36:19.989 --> 00:36:22.429
<v Speaker 1>the user that helps get to the point of offering

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:22.429 --> 00:36:26.540
<v Speaker 1>helpful information, um, and guidance as well as being supportive.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:26.830 --> 00:36:31.189
<v Speaker 1>Uh, this 17-year-old user said, I like knowing that I'm

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,53,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:31.189 --> 00:36:33.590
<v Speaker 1>not going to be judged or feel like a burden.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:34.030 --> 00:36:36.270
<v Speaker 1>It's a safe outlet for me when life's getting too

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,99,100]}

00:36:36.270 --> 00:36:37.449
<v Speaker 1>tough to handle.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100]}

00:36:39.169 --> 00:36:42.659
<v Speaker 1>As you can see, the chatbots providing guidance around lessening

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:42.659 --> 00:36:45.719
<v Speaker 1>negative self-talk and being solution-focused.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,98]}

00:36:46.010 --> 00:36:48.780
<v Speaker 1>Um, these are things that I do as a therapist

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:48.780 --> 00:36:51.179
<v Speaker 1>as well, and so there, there are many things that

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,94,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:51.179 --> 00:36:55.179
<v Speaker 1>AI chatbots can do to build skills in coordination with

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:36:55.179 --> 00:36:56.620
<v Speaker 1>a licensed professional.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100]}

00:37:01.989 --> 00:37:06.219
<v Speaker 1>If you haven't had a patient experience like this yet,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:37:06.840 --> 00:37:08.800
<v Speaker 1>just know that this moment's coming.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,99,100]}

00:37:10.040 --> 00:37:13.520
<v Speaker 1>Our patients and families will be looking to us for

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:37:13.520 --> 00:37:15.179
<v Speaker 1>support and guidance in this.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,99,100]}

00:37:15.760 --> 00:37:18.149
<v Speaker 1>Uh, fortunately, there are many things that we can be

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:37:18.149 --> 00:37:21.560
<v Speaker 1>doing to help people navigate into the right direction, uh,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100,100,99]}

00:37:21.639 --> 00:37:22.540
<v Speaker 1>with intention.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100]}

00:37:23.270 --> 00:37:26.000
<v Speaker 1>Although we may feel like we're only one step ahead

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:37:26.000 --> 00:37:28.879
<v Speaker 1>of others in this, uh, we can be confident in

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00:37:28.879 --> 00:37:31.790
<v Speaker 1>the areas that we're prepared to give up to-date and,

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00:37:31.870 --> 00:37:33.439
<v Speaker 1>and helpful advice within.

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00:37:39.300 --> 00:37:41.070
<v Speaker 1>For patients and caregivers.

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00:37:42.139 --> 00:37:46.780
<v Speaker 1>Who are feeling overwhelmed and undereducated in this area, um,

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00:37:46.820 --> 00:37:49.620
<v Speaker 1>it's our goal to reduce those feelings and help them

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00:37:49.620 --> 00:37:51.159
<v Speaker 1>understand the best ways forward.

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00:37:51.459 --> 00:37:55.459
<v Speaker 1>This is all about building critical thinking skills and better

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00:37:55.459 --> 00:37:57.500
<v Speaker 1>understanding the ways to use AI.

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00:37:59.030 --> 00:38:02.070
<v Speaker 1>Parents can treat AI as a learning tool, and can

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00:38:02.070 --> 00:38:05.429
<v Speaker 1>sit with children to explore chatbots together, um, they can

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00:38:05.429 --> 00:38:10.129
<v Speaker 1>teach children that AI can provide biased and inaccurate answers,

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00:38:10.469 --> 00:38:14.610
<v Speaker 1>and establish a family rule to confirm important information with

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00:38:14.790 --> 00:38:17.850
<v Speaker 1>at least one other reliable source.

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00:38:19.209 --> 00:38:21.050
<v Speaker 1>You know, we all know it's getting harder to spot

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00:38:21.050 --> 00:38:24.409
<v Speaker 1>AI generated content, um, but we can still teach kids

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00:38:24.409 --> 00:38:27.689
<v Speaker 1>to identify a natural movements and videos or inconsistencies in

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00:38:27.689 --> 00:38:31.070
<v Speaker 1>photos, and that can help foster healthy skepticism.

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00:38:33.389 --> 00:38:36.719
<v Speaker 1>Parents should also create open discussions around AI use and,

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00:38:36.780 --> 00:38:40.159
<v Speaker 1>and negotiate time limits and off-limit topics.

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00:38:40.600 --> 00:38:43.280
<v Speaker 1>You know, we as adults need to model healthy limits

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00:38:43.280 --> 00:38:46.959
<v Speaker 1>in both tech and AI usages, as well, um, and

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00:38:46.959 --> 00:38:50.399
<v Speaker 1>we have to monitor for over-reliance in children and teens.

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00:38:51.820 --> 00:38:55.929
<v Speaker 1>AI overreliance may not be something that we have experienced

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00:38:56.389 --> 00:38:59.969
<v Speaker 1>yet, but this is likely coming soon.

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00:39:00.469 --> 00:39:04.790
<v Speaker 1>Um, parents should encourage as much offline socialization as possible

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00:39:04.790 --> 00:39:08.629
<v Speaker 1>and also be thinking about ways to help curate positive

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00:39:08.629 --> 00:39:11.620
<v Speaker 1>content and feeds, especially as kids are getting older and

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00:39:11.620 --> 00:39:12.929
<v Speaker 1>using technology more.

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00:39:18.330 --> 00:39:21.679
<v Speaker 1>It's a parent's job to set healthy boundaries for kids,

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00:39:21.729 --> 00:39:24.830
<v Speaker 1>and, and this includes helping teens have oversight as well.

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00:39:25.370 --> 00:39:28.449
<v Speaker 1>Um, this is one reason why it's so important to

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00:39:28.449 --> 00:39:31.689
<v Speaker 1>be consistent in setting limits with kids when they're young,

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00:39:31.810 --> 00:39:33.949
<v Speaker 1>in order to help them be more willing to accept

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00:39:33.949 --> 00:39:35.250
<v Speaker 1>this as they get older.

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00:39:35.570 --> 00:39:38.209
<v Speaker 1>Uh, for teens, this should include time limits, as well

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00:39:38.209 --> 00:39:41.510
<v Speaker 1>as times and locations that tech, uh, isn't allowed.

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00:39:41.649 --> 00:39:45.270
<v Speaker 1>For example, no tech for teens after 9:30 p.m. or

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00:39:45.530 --> 00:39:47.070
<v Speaker 1>no tech in the bedroom.

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00:39:47.330 --> 00:39:51.320
<v Speaker 1>Um, Parents also need to consider how they're teaching their

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00:39:51.320 --> 00:39:55.679
<v Speaker 1>children and teens to maintain privacy with information sharing, especially

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00:39:56.040 --> 00:39:58.620
<v Speaker 1>with seemingly kid-friendly AI systems.

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00:39:59.669 --> 00:40:01.659
<v Speaker 1>Fortunately, there are a lot of tools that can be

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00:40:01.659 --> 00:40:05.449
<v Speaker 1>used to help parents in this unique 21st century need.

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00:40:05.750 --> 00:40:09.830
<v Speaker 1>Um, there are available AI powered parental control services that

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00:40:09.830 --> 00:40:13.879
<v Speaker 1>monitor digital activity, including text, social media, app usage, and

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00:40:13.879 --> 00:40:14.770
<v Speaker 1>browsing.

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00:40:15.110 --> 00:40:18.550
<v Speaker 1>They look for things like cyberbullying, online predators, and adult

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00:40:18.550 --> 00:40:21.429
<v Speaker 1>content using advanced machine learning to analyze context.

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00:40:21.879 --> 00:40:25.169
<v Speaker 1>Uh, there also are built-in safety features in much of

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00:40:25.169 --> 00:40:27.750
<v Speaker 1>the technology that children and teens are using as well.

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00:40:28.120 --> 00:40:31.889
<v Speaker 1>Plus, parents can use AI powered parental control services that

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00:40:31.889 --> 00:40:34.810
<v Speaker 1>operate across browsers and devices within the home.

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00:40:35.750 --> 00:40:38.820
<v Speaker 1>As the technology that children and teens are using is

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00:40:38.820 --> 00:40:42.590
<v Speaker 1>becoming more sophisticated, parents also have to understand how to

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00:40:42.590 --> 00:40:45.330
<v Speaker 1>use technology to support in this process.

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00:40:45.830 --> 00:40:50.469
<v Speaker 1>The combination of positive and involved parenting, uh, while also

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00:40:50.469 --> 00:40:53.310
<v Speaker 1>using available tools can make a big difference for children

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00:40:53.310 --> 00:40:54.040
<v Speaker 1>and teens.

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00:40:59.340 --> 00:41:02.760
<v Speaker 1>Teachers and school officials also have to be comfortable talking

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00:41:02.760 --> 00:41:06.739
<v Speaker 1>about AI tools with students, um, and encourage them to

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00:41:06.739 --> 00:41:09.399
<v Speaker 1>be honest about how they're using AI in their work.

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00:41:09.979 --> 00:41:13.939
<v Speaker 1>It's critical that teachers be direct and transparent about what

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00:41:13.939 --> 00:41:17.419
<v Speaker 1>tools are permitted to use, and about the reasons for

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00:41:17.419 --> 00:41:18.679
<v Speaker 1>any restrictions.

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00:41:18.929 --> 00:41:22.219
<v Speaker 1>If teachers choose to allow them, then they should also

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00:41:22.219 --> 00:41:25.419
<v Speaker 1>encourage students to be transparent about their use of AI,

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00:41:25.939 --> 00:41:27.120
<v Speaker 1>uh, in their work.

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00:41:28.340 --> 00:41:31.159
<v Speaker 1>Students have to be taught to critically engage with AI

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00:41:31.159 --> 00:41:34.649
<v Speaker 1>tools to understand the capabilities, but also the limitations.

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00:41:34.959 --> 00:41:38.840
<v Speaker 1>Um, and teachers have to create authentic assignments and assessments

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00:41:39.080 --> 00:41:42.080
<v Speaker 1>that students feel connected to, in order to enhance their

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00:41:42.080 --> 00:41:44.909
<v Speaker 1>learning and, and reduce their need to simply turn to

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00:41:44.909 --> 00:41:45.739
<v Speaker 1>AI support.

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00:41:47.229 --> 00:41:50.899
<v Speaker 1>Uh, teachers can chunk and scaffold writing assignments and projects.

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00:41:51.229 --> 00:41:53.389
<v Speaker 1>They can change up the format of writing assignments.

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00:41:53.459 --> 00:41:57.149
<v Speaker 1>They can incorporate regular instructor and peer feedback into assignments,

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00:41:57.429 --> 00:41:59.550
<v Speaker 1>um, all as a way to make it less likely

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00:41:59.550 --> 00:42:01.250
<v Speaker 1>for AI systems to do the work.

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00:42:01.790 --> 00:42:05.159
<v Speaker 1>Teachers can also incorporate appropriate ways to use AI tools,

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00:42:05.219 --> 00:42:08.969
<v Speaker 1>uh, to support assignments and projects in order to teach

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00:42:09.310 --> 00:42:12.500
<v Speaker 1>digital liter literacy, which is gonna be important for people

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00:42:12.500 --> 00:42:13.169
<v Speaker 1>to understand.

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00:42:13.870 --> 00:42:17.449
<v Speaker 1>Uh, given the widespread use of AI in schoolwork, Teachers

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00:42:17.449 --> 00:42:19.889
<v Speaker 1>are also needed to use alternative ways for students to

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00:42:19.889 --> 00:42:21.629
<v Speaker 1>represent their knowledge beyond text.

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00:42:22.800 --> 00:42:27.159
<v Speaker 1>It's also important to use high-level critical thinking assignments that

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00:42:27.159 --> 00:42:29.949
<v Speaker 1>require original and non-linear thoughts.

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00:42:30.399 --> 00:42:34.270
<v Speaker 1>This could include scenario-based learning using case studies or roleplay

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00:42:34.270 --> 00:42:38.760
<v Speaker 1>activities that emphasize interpersonal skills, or even reflective journals that

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00:42:38.760 --> 00:42:40.340
<v Speaker 1>avoid summarizing facts.

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00:42:41.840 --> 00:42:45.260
<v Speaker 1>Content can be shared behind a paywall, or can be

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00:42:45.260 --> 00:42:47.459
<v Speaker 1>discussed in class while phones are locked up in a

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00:42:47.459 --> 00:42:48.449
<v Speaker 1>yonder pouch.

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00:42:48.739 --> 00:42:50.659
<v Speaker 1>Um, we know that phone lockers have been shown to

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00:42:50.659 --> 00:42:54.860
<v Speaker 1>be effective at this point in increasing student engagement, reducing

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00:42:54.860 --> 00:42:57.800
<v Speaker 1>classroom distractions, and improving social interaction.

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00:42:58.580 --> 00:43:02.340
<v Speaker 1>Uh, lastly, schools should monitor Wi Fi usage following clear

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00:43:02.340 --> 00:43:03.810
<v Speaker 1>safety standards for students.

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00:43:04.260 --> 00:43:07.699
<v Speaker 1>Keywords such as suicide, depression, or weapon can trigger a

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00:43:07.699 --> 00:43:09.949
<v Speaker 1>safety check where parents and students are called to the

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00:43:09.949 --> 00:43:10.360
<v Speaker 1>office.

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00:43:11.389 --> 00:43:14.260
<v Speaker 1>And we know that teachers are also using AI systems

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00:43:14.260 --> 00:43:17.149
<v Speaker 1>to help them in their work, but this doesn't take

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00:43:17.149 --> 00:43:19.550
<v Speaker 1>away from the amazing job that they're doing in their

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00:43:19.550 --> 00:43:20.229
<v Speaker 1>profession.

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00:43:25.300 --> 00:43:27.550
<v Speaker 1>Those of us who teach in higher education, we aren't

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00:43:27.550 --> 00:43:28.610
<v Speaker 1>off the hook either.

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00:43:29.149 --> 00:43:34.260
<v Speaker 1>Uh, our institutions are largely embracing AI and recognizing its

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00:43:34.260 --> 00:43:35.709
<v Speaker 1>potential to enhance learning.

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00:43:35.939 --> 00:43:38.629
<v Speaker 1>And so we have to be considering how we're equipping

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00:43:38.629 --> 00:43:42.179
<v Speaker 1>students with AI skills that will be essential for the

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00:43:42.179 --> 00:43:43.590
<v Speaker 1>workforce of the future.

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00:43:44.830 --> 00:43:47.110
<v Speaker 1>Few of us feel that AI skills are more important

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00:43:47.110 --> 00:43:48.139
<v Speaker 1>than academics.

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00:43:48.399 --> 00:43:51.040
<v Speaker 1>Um, and yet we can't ignore how AI is, is

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00:43:51.040 --> 00:43:53.580
<v Speaker 1>able to assist in the learning process.

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00:43:54.120 --> 00:43:58.679
<v Speaker 1>Responsible AI usage in higher education involves secure tools and

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00:43:58.679 --> 00:44:04.379
<v Speaker 1>procedures, open and accountable practices from both faculty and students,

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00:44:04.919 --> 00:44:08.199
<v Speaker 1>and the trust that occurs when all parties are transparent.

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00:44:09.770 --> 00:44:15.330
<v Speaker 1>Educators should be incorporating AI education across disciplines, identifying how

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00:44:15.330 --> 00:44:19.489
<v Speaker 1>AI use can support educational goals and monitoring how AI

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00:44:19.489 --> 00:44:21.510
<v Speaker 1>use is impacting student outcomes.

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00:44:21.929 --> 00:44:24.649
<v Speaker 1>We all want to have a positive impact on students'

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00:44:24.649 --> 00:44:27.889
<v Speaker 1>education, and as they're preparing for the future, they also

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00:44:27.889 --> 00:44:31.949
<v Speaker 1>need clear guidance on the benefits and detriments that AI

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00:44:31.949 --> 00:44:35.510
<v Speaker 1>offers in their learning, along with accountability in the process.

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00:44:42.120 --> 00:44:45.639
<v Speaker 1>As many in this room likely have a clinical role.

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00:44:46.580 --> 00:44:49.620
<v Speaker 1>Our hope is that we're considering ways to evolve in

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00:44:49.620 --> 00:44:51.919
<v Speaker 1>our approach to meet patient needs in this area.

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00:44:52.500 --> 00:44:55.219
<v Speaker 1>It's important to continue to add to our intake process

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00:44:55.219 --> 00:44:57.199
<v Speaker 1>to include AI related screening.

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00:44:57.919 --> 00:45:01.159
<v Speaker 1>Um, using a couple of quick questions about if and,

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00:45:01.310 --> 00:45:05.000
<v Speaker 1>and then how, uh, our patients are using AI, including

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00:45:05.000 --> 00:45:08.479
<v Speaker 1>AI chatbots, can allow us to get at this important

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00:45:08.479 --> 00:45:08.760
<v Speaker 1>information.

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00:45:10.389 --> 00:45:13.149
<v Speaker 1>Patients likely won't know the need to share this if

NOTE CONF {"raw":[99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:45:13.149 --> 00:45:14.989
<v Speaker 1>we don't ask directly.

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00:45:16.889 --> 00:45:19.090
<v Speaker 1>For teams that are wanting to continue using these types

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00:45:19.090 --> 00:45:21.530
<v Speaker 1>of apps, then we can give guidance on the types

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00:45:21.530 --> 00:45:25.189
<v Speaker 1>of beneficial activities that well-developed AI chatbots can offer.

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00:45:25.489 --> 00:45:29.370
<v Speaker 1>Um, this can include ongoing practice with mindfulness or meditation.

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00:45:30.169 --> 00:45:33.489
<v Speaker 1>As well as ways to track sleep or provide relaxation

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00:45:33.489 --> 00:45:37.350
<v Speaker 1>training or or even challenge the accuracy of worries.

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00:45:38.790 --> 00:45:42.510
<v Speaker 1>Therapists can also be another trusted voice to encourage patients

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00:45:42.510 --> 00:45:48.239
<v Speaker 1>in areas of online safety, and critically, healthy skepticism for

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00:45:48.239 --> 00:45:50.830
<v Speaker 1>the information they're getting from AI chatbots.

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00:45:51.739 --> 00:45:54.389
<v Speaker 1>Therapists are also able to use AI themselves in order

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00:45:54.389 --> 00:45:58.149
<v Speaker 1>to personalize coping strategies, uh, that they're recommending, and, and

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00:45:58.149 --> 00:46:01.590
<v Speaker 1>other skill-building content that may make patients more likely to

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00:46:01.590 --> 00:46:04.629
<v Speaker 1>engage in this homework between sessions.

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00:46:10.120 --> 00:46:15.520
<v Speaker 1>Although we've seen how far AI has progressed, everyone has

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100,100]}

00:46:15.520 --> 00:46:17.719
<v Speaker 1>a role to play in helping youth to remain safe

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00:46:17.719 --> 00:46:18.739
<v Speaker 1>moving forward.

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00:46:19.280 --> 00:46:23.030
<v Speaker 1>Parents, teachers, and therapists should be involved in guiding youth

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00:46:23.030 --> 00:46:25.439
<v Speaker 1>in the ways that they're engaging with AI and AI

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00:46:25.439 --> 00:46:29.000
<v Speaker 1>chatbots, um, and part of this is to be an

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00:46:29.000 --> 00:46:32.840
<v Speaker 1>AI savvy individual and understand the ways to use AI

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00:46:32.840 --> 00:46:33.879
<v Speaker 1>tools safely.

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00:46:34.929 --> 00:46:38.620
<v Speaker 1>We should also be actively engaged uh in limiting the

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00:46:38.620 --> 00:46:42.459
<v Speaker 1>systems that have less appropriate safety precautions and teaching teens

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00:46:42.780 --> 00:46:47.139
<v Speaker 1>how to evaluate helpful from less helpful AI provided information.

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00:46:48.459 --> 00:46:52.899
<v Speaker 1>We should be emphasizing data ownership, secure and locally hosted

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00:46:52.899 --> 00:46:57.100
<v Speaker 1>servers, or private cloud environments where customer data is not

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00:46:57.100 --> 00:46:58.379
<v Speaker 1>being used for training.

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00:46:59.830 --> 00:47:03.350
<v Speaker 1>AI developers will also need to be forced to include

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00:47:03.350 --> 00:47:07.889
<v Speaker 1>privacy settings, interaction limits, and age-appropriate content for users.

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00:47:08.270 --> 00:47:11.530
<v Speaker 1>AI systems should be presented in a way that's understandable,

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00:47:11.870 --> 00:47:15.709
<v Speaker 1>uh, with regular reminders that the users interacting with non-human

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00:47:15.709 --> 00:47:17.270
<v Speaker 1>AI based technology.

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00:47:17.669 --> 00:47:24.270
<v Speaker 1>Things like gamification, personalized responses, or manipulative notifications should be

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00:47:24.270 --> 00:47:25.020
<v Speaker 1>limited.

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00:47:25.340 --> 00:47:28.229
<v Speaker 1>Uh, and human support and guidance to crisis services should

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00:47:28.229 --> 00:47:29.290
<v Speaker 1>be offered when needed.

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00:47:29.729 --> 00:47:34.250
<v Speaker 1>Uh, AI systems also should be undergoing thorough and continuous

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00:47:34.250 --> 00:47:37.310
<v Speaker 1>testing with diverse groups of adolescents.

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00:47:39.189 --> 00:47:42.929
<v Speaker 1>And our lawmakers must also be responsible.

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00:47:43.550 --> 00:47:48.810
<v Speaker 1>They have to enact highly controlled and legally enforceable regulations,

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00:47:49.350 --> 00:47:52.790
<v Speaker 1>rather than relying on industry to regulate their own companies

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00:47:52.790 --> 00:47:56.570
<v Speaker 1>when this is potentially against their own financial interests.

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00:47:58.590 --> 00:48:02.949
<v Speaker 1>As we move towards the future, AI chatbots should be

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,100,100]}

00:48:02.949 --> 00:48:07.610
<v Speaker 1>closely managed and not seen as neutral information tools.

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00:48:09.010 --> 00:48:12.500
<v Speaker 1>But rather, they should be seen as powerful instruments that

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00:48:12.500 --> 00:48:18.929
<v Speaker 1>require human oversight, strict data, privacy protocols, and ethical guardrails

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00:48:18.929 --> 00:48:23.370
<v Speaker 1>in order to lessen the potential for bias, or misinformation,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:48:23.379 --> 00:48:24.800
<v Speaker 1>or even overdependency.

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00:48:26.270 --> 00:48:31.550
<v Speaker 1>Everyone, from the individual AI users to both industry and

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00:48:31.550 --> 00:48:35.510
<v Speaker 1>government leaders, need to adopt an approach that prioritizes critical

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00:48:35.510 --> 00:48:40.199
<v Speaker 1>thinking, and ensures that AI technologies enhance.

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00:48:41.090 --> 00:48:43.770
<v Speaker 1>Not replace human connection and reasoning.

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00:48:46.959 --> 00:48:48.560
<v Speaker 1>All right, thank you for your time, everyone.

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00:48:48.719 --> 00:48:51.219
<v Speaker 1>Uh, we're happy to take the last few minutes for

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00:48:51.399 --> 00:48:53.320
<v Speaker 1>any questions or comments you might have.

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00:48:57.239 --> 00:48:59.820
<v Speaker 2>Wow, um, such a powerful presentation.

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00:49:00.000 --> 00:49:02.439
<v Speaker 2>Many, many thanks to you both for curating that information

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00:49:02.439 --> 00:49:02.800
<v Speaker 2>and sharing.

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00:49:02.840 --> 00:49:06.169
<v Speaker 2>I think it's such a nice Um, overview of what's

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00:49:06.169 --> 00:49:08.530
<v Speaker 2>out there and, you know, really highlights why this is

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00:49:08.530 --> 00:49:10.649
<v Speaker 2>so important and also some great resources as well.

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00:49:10.850 --> 00:49:11.469
<v Speaker 2>Thank you.

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00:49:11.850 --> 00:49:14.010
<v Speaker 2>We have a number of things in the Q&A so

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00:49:14.010 --> 00:49:15.929
<v Speaker 2>I'm just gonna start at the top and we'll see

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00:49:15.929 --> 00:49:17.090
<v Speaker 2>how many we can get through in the next few

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00:49:17.090 --> 00:49:17.649
<v Speaker 2>minutes.

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00:49:18.689 --> 00:49:21.209
<v Speaker 2>Um, so the first one says, do the presenters have

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00:49:21.209 --> 00:49:24.070
<v Speaker 2>thoughts about the benefits of AI for addressing more immediate

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00:49:24.070 --> 00:49:27.709
<v Speaker 2>changes in mood, stress, risks, versus for more long-term or

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00:49:27.709 --> 00:49:28.760
<v Speaker 2>chronic conditions?

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00:49:28.850 --> 00:49:31.209
<v Speaker 2>It seems like teens might turn to it because it

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00:49:31.209 --> 00:49:34.280
<v Speaker 2>is accessible and easy to access during emotionally heightened situations,

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100]}

00:49:34.600 --> 00:49:36.989
<v Speaker 2>but it might not be helpful for long-term problems.

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00:49:42.129 --> 00:49:42.860
<v Speaker 2>Jump into this.

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00:49:43.139 --> 00:49:44.199
<v Speaker 1>Oh, sorry, Mia, go ahead.

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00:49:44.699 --> 00:49:46.540
<v Speaker 0>Well, I think what we were talking about earlier is

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00:49:46.540 --> 00:49:48.620
<v Speaker 0>that we know that in the short term, it can

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00:49:48.620 --> 00:49:50.379
<v Speaker 0>be very helpful for adolescents, right?

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00:49:50.500 --> 00:49:52.929
<v Speaker 0>Like, Um, I'm experiencing a lot of anxiety right now.

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00:49:52.969 --> 00:49:54.929
<v Speaker 0>I had a fight with my parents, or I had

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00:49:54.929 --> 00:49:58.000
<v Speaker 0>an argument with, uh, with my girlfriend, my boyfriend, and

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00:49:58.000 --> 00:50:00.810
<v Speaker 0>putting into chat GBT or or Character AI to get

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00:50:00.810 --> 00:50:03.030
<v Speaker 0>these advice immediately, it can be helpful.

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00:50:03.530 --> 00:50:05.729
<v Speaker 0>Um, but we know right now that the long term

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00:50:05.729 --> 00:50:08.879
<v Speaker 0>effects right now is that it actually increases loneliness and

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00:50:08.879 --> 00:50:09.530
<v Speaker 0>stress and anxiety.

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00:50:09.639 --> 00:50:13.719
<v Speaker 0>So, um, because this platform, this is still very new,

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00:50:13.810 --> 00:50:15.889
<v Speaker 0>where it's still a little bit of the wild west.

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00:50:15.969 --> 00:50:17.290
<v Speaker 0>We're still learning a lot about this.

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00:50:17.370 --> 00:50:20.699
<v Speaker 0>There's not a lot of Um, data out there yet.

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00:50:20.790 --> 00:50:24.030
<v Speaker 0>And so I think it's um inconclusive right now um

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00:50:24.030 --> 00:50:25.149
<v Speaker 0>what the long term data will be.

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00:50:25.389 --> 00:50:29.149
<v Speaker 0>I also know too that a lot of platforms are

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00:50:29.149 --> 00:50:30.709
<v Speaker 0>coming out every day too.

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00:50:30.909 --> 00:50:36.149
<v Speaker 0>So, um, I know that these, uh, these, those, these

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00:50:36.149 --> 00:50:40.149
<v Speaker 0>programmers who are who own these platforms are aware and

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00:50:40.149 --> 00:50:42.389
<v Speaker 0>are working very rigorously to make sure that they are

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00:50:42.389 --> 00:50:46.149
<v Speaker 0>protecting um children and young adults, and even adults too,

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00:50:46.229 --> 00:50:46.929
<v Speaker 0>from harm.

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00:50:47.270 --> 00:50:50.030
<v Speaker 0>Um, and misinformation too.

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00:50:50.189 --> 00:50:53.469
<v Speaker 0>So, um, I, I do think that, that, um, there

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00:50:53.469 --> 00:50:56.510
<v Speaker 0>are some immediate benefits, but the data is still inconclusive.

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00:50:58.159 --> 00:51:00.889
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, and I agree, I think that um these types

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00:51:00.889 --> 00:51:03.850
<v Speaker 1>of systems are more helpful for people who have less

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00:51:03.850 --> 00:51:05.010
<v Speaker 1>serious concerns.

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00:51:05.290 --> 00:51:08.239
<v Speaker 1>Um, there is kind of a tipping point where the

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00:51:08.239 --> 00:51:11.030
<v Speaker 1>information that a person may be gathering from this, um,

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00:51:11.050 --> 00:51:14.489
<v Speaker 1>isn't going to necessarily move them away from a diagnosable

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00:51:14.489 --> 00:51:14.709
<v Speaker 1>condition.

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00:51:15.050 --> 00:51:17.649
<v Speaker 1>So, I think there, there, there is a use for

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00:51:17.649 --> 00:51:19.570
<v Speaker 1>it, um, and we have to be thoughtful about that

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00:51:19.570 --> 00:51:24.649
<v Speaker 1>use, but we can't negate the importance of, um, More

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,99,100,100,100,100,100,100,99,99]}

00:51:24.649 --> 00:51:29.840
<v Speaker 1>significant uh uh oversight and, and guidance from mental health

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00:51:29.840 --> 00:51:32.520
<v Speaker 1>professionals who still have a role for individuals who have,

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00:51:32.689 --> 00:51:34.429
<v Speaker 1>um, true mental health needs.

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00:51:37.090 --> 00:51:37.790
<v Speaker 1>Great question.

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00:51:38.879 --> 00:51:40.570
<v Speaker 2>Um, a quick comment that I just want to read

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00:51:40.570 --> 00:51:42.729
<v Speaker 2>off, so someone said FYI in Nebraska, there have been

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00:51:42.729 --> 00:51:45.449
<v Speaker 2>clawbacks and documentation appears to have been written or assisted

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00:51:45.449 --> 00:51:45.850
<v Speaker 2>by AI.

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00:51:45.969 --> 00:51:48.320
<v Speaker 2>It's important to check the MCO and Medicaid regulations, which

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00:51:48.320 --> 00:51:49.770
<v Speaker 2>I think it's just an important call out, so I

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00:51:49.770 --> 00:51:52.870
<v Speaker 2>want to, um, just read that one off real quick,

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00:51:53.530 --> 00:51:54.129
<v Speaker 2>um.

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00:51:55.239 --> 00:51:56.959
<v Speaker 2>I'm just, I'm kind of skimming through these really quick.

NOTE CONF {"raw":[100,100,100,99,99,99,100,99,100,100]}

00:51:57.040 --> 00:52:00.080
<v Speaker 2>So as mental health providers, how can we ethically integrate

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00:52:00.080 --> 00:52:02.179
<v Speaker 2>AI as a support tool without reinforcing a false sense

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00:52:02.179 --> 00:52:04.860
<v Speaker 2>of confidentiality or replacing the therapeutic relationship?

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00:52:06.090 --> 00:52:06.419
<v Speaker 2>Address that.

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00:52:06.469 --> 00:52:07.810
<v Speaker 2>Anything else you want to say about that though?

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00:52:09.149 --> 00:52:10.989
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I could jump in and just say, um, I,

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00:52:11.070 --> 00:52:13.629
<v Speaker 1>I think we have to be careful about the directions

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00:52:13.629 --> 00:52:15.489
<v Speaker 1>that we're encouraging people to go.

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00:52:15.830 --> 00:52:19.060
<v Speaker 1>Um, again, it comes back to that we have, uh,

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00:52:19.070 --> 00:52:23.270
<v Speaker 1>legal responsibility uh for the, the medical recommendations that we're

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00:52:23.270 --> 00:52:23.979
<v Speaker 1>providing.

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00:52:24.229 --> 00:52:28.429
<v Speaker 1>I think it's more about understanding what teens or others

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00:52:28.429 --> 00:52:30.870
<v Speaker 1>are using, um, and then providing guidance.

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00:52:31.330 --> 00:52:33.620
<v Speaker 1>and direction in that, uh, in those areas.

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00:52:33.850 --> 00:52:38.989
<v Speaker 1>And ultimately, there are, are more effective or um safer

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00:52:38.989 --> 00:52:42.290
<v Speaker 1>uh methods of using AI chatbots for teens, and there

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00:52:42.290 --> 00:52:46.169
<v Speaker 1>are ones that are far less safe or um less

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00:52:46.169 --> 00:52:48.449
<v Speaker 1>appropriate to be using that we can be providing guidance

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00:52:48.449 --> 00:52:48.550
<v Speaker 1>and.

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00:52:48.610 --> 00:52:50.610
<v Speaker 1>So I think we have to be careful about opening

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00:52:50.610 --> 00:52:54.070
<v Speaker 1>this up for everybody, and really be Thoughtful about who

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00:52:54.070 --> 00:52:56.189
<v Speaker 1>is already moving in this direction and how can we

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00:52:56.189 --> 00:52:58.469
<v Speaker 1>help them do this in a safe way that, that

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00:52:58.469 --> 00:53:01.469
<v Speaker 1>may truly help them engage with this material.

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00:53:01.510 --> 00:53:04.949
<v Speaker 1>We're trying to help them learn in new um ways

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00:53:04.949 --> 00:53:06.389
<v Speaker 1>that are more effective for them as well.

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00:53:06.510 --> 00:53:08.270
<v Speaker 1>So, I think we have to be careful about opening

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00:53:08.270 --> 00:53:10.580
<v Speaker 1>that up, but our job is to guide and direct,

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00:53:10.669 --> 00:53:13.870
<v Speaker 1>and we are um responsible for the information that we're

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00:53:13.870 --> 00:53:14.639
<v Speaker 1>putting out there.

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00:53:17.949 --> 00:53:21.100
<v Speaker 0>OK Um, one that just popped in is, can you

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00:53:21.100 --> 00:53:22.979
<v Speaker 2>speak to the addictive component of AI, which I think

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00:53:22.979 --> 00:53:24.939
<v Speaker 2>is also kind of in juxtaposition, so some of what

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00:53:24.939 --> 00:53:27.580
<v Speaker 2>you were saying earlier about some, I, I also see

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00:53:27.580 --> 00:53:29.850
<v Speaker 2>some adolescents are recognizing, hmm, this is maybe not good

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00:53:29.850 --> 00:53:30.439
<v Speaker 2>for me, right?

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00:53:31.100 --> 00:53:33.179
<v Speaker 2>Um, so it's interesting to have that balance.

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00:53:33.260 --> 00:53:36.500
<v Speaker 2>So any thoughts or comments around that overuse or kind

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00:53:36.500 --> 00:53:38.219
<v Speaker 2>of addiction, if you want to use that term.

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00:53:43.159 --> 00:53:44.199
<v Speaker 0>Do you want to answer that one, Darren?

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00:53:44.239 --> 00:53:45.800
<v Speaker 0>I, I think that I was just gonna wait for

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00:53:45.800 --> 00:53:45.989
<v Speaker 0>you.

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00:53:46.149 --> 00:53:46.510
<v Speaker 0>You go ahead.

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00:53:46.560 --> 00:53:51.550
<v Speaker 0>I think it's just like, um, game like Fortnite or

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00:53:51.560 --> 00:53:56.250
<v Speaker 0>Roblox or Minecraft or any addiction, social media, TikTok.

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00:53:56.679 --> 00:53:59.320
<v Speaker 0>Um, I think it's really about setting like what you

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00:53:59.320 --> 00:54:01.919
<v Speaker 0>were saying earlier, Darren, like setting limitations and making sure

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00:54:01.919 --> 00:54:04.080
<v Speaker 0>that there's parental oversight, um.

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00:54:05.510 --> 00:54:06.689
<v Speaker 0>You wanted to add on more to that.

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00:54:06.850 --> 00:54:08.340
<v Speaker 0>Yeah, I mean, I think there's risk.

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00:54:08.679 --> 00:54:13.280
<v Speaker 1>Um, this is just another area that we are going

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00:54:13.280 --> 00:54:16.479
<v Speaker 1>to have to help parents understand their roles, and the

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00:54:16.479 --> 00:54:19.959
<v Speaker 1>patients we're working with, and adults that we're working with

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00:54:19.959 --> 00:54:22.600
<v Speaker 1>understand the limits that they should be, um, kind of

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00:54:22.600 --> 00:54:23.949
<v Speaker 1>placing on, on.

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00:54:24.250 --> 00:54:26.449
<v Speaker 1>The data they're getting through these systems and, and how

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00:54:26.449 --> 00:54:27.110
<v Speaker 1>they're using them.

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00:54:27.250 --> 00:54:30.409
<v Speaker 1>So, I, I think this is just another area that,

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00:54:30.419 --> 00:54:33.750
<v Speaker 1>um, that we in the 21st century have to deal

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00:54:33.750 --> 00:54:37.250
<v Speaker 1>with, uh, and will likely become an even bigger issue

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00:54:37.250 --> 00:54:39.929
<v Speaker 1>as we're moving forward into the next few years, um,

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00:54:39.969 --> 00:54:43.449
<v Speaker 1>and having evolution in, in the AI process, um, and

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00:54:43.449 --> 00:54:46.250
<v Speaker 1>not just, uh, the systems, but the way that people

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00:54:46.250 --> 00:54:47.070
<v Speaker 1>are using them.

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00:54:47.250 --> 00:54:49.889
<v Speaker 1>So, I think there is the potential for addiction, and

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00:54:49.889 --> 00:54:52.209
<v Speaker 1>we have to be really careful about how we're guiding

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00:54:52.209 --> 00:54:52.889
<v Speaker 1>people in this.

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00:54:53.393 --> 00:54:55.472
<v Speaker 0>I want to just jump in there and add to

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00:54:55.472 --> 00:54:57.833
<v Speaker 0>that, um, you know, a lot of people are writing

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00:54:57.833 --> 00:55:00.512
<v Speaker 0>here that like, it's scary and it is because again,

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00:55:00.833 --> 00:55:02.373
<v Speaker 0>I think that there's still not a whole lot of

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00:55:02.373 --> 00:55:03.853
<v Speaker 0>regulations that are on this.

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00:55:04.113 --> 00:55:06.822
<v Speaker 0>Um, we're still learning more and more information about this.

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00:55:06.873 --> 00:55:09.103
<v Speaker 0>And so, but just also know too, I mean, like,

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00:55:09.113 --> 00:55:11.552
<v Speaker 0>we know with working with adolescents and young adults, and

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00:55:11.552 --> 00:55:13.312
<v Speaker 0>we're going to tell them that no, don't do this,

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00:55:13.462 --> 00:55:13.913
<v Speaker 0>stop doing this.

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00:55:13.952 --> 00:55:15.472
<v Speaker 0>What they're going to do is they're going to double

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00:55:15.472 --> 00:55:16.752
<v Speaker 0>down and they're going to do this.

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00:55:16.833 --> 00:55:19.992
<v Speaker 0>And so, um, you know, there are, uh, you can't

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00:55:19.992 --> 00:55:21.752
<v Speaker 0>put on their phones like.

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00:55:21.926 --> 00:55:24.496
<v Speaker 0>Talking like chat GBT, but if it's not chat GBT,

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00:55:24.535 --> 00:55:25.656
<v Speaker 0>it's going to be character AI.

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00:55:25.895 --> 00:55:27.575
<v Speaker 0>If it's not character AI, it's going to be Snap,

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00:55:27.775 --> 00:55:28.486
<v Speaker 0>uh, Snapchat.

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00:55:28.535 --> 00:55:30.016
<v Speaker 0>It's not going to be Snapchat, it's going to be,

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00:55:30.385 --> 00:55:33.285
<v Speaker 0>there's so many that are out there right now that

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00:55:33.285 --> 00:55:35.696
<v Speaker 0>as a parent, it's hard to keep up on all

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00:55:35.696 --> 00:55:37.736
<v Speaker 0>the different platforms and your teenager is going to find

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00:55:37.736 --> 00:55:40.436
<v Speaker 0>a way to be able to borrow somebody else's phone

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00:55:40.436 --> 00:55:43.135
<v Speaker 0>or go to school or go to the library and

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00:55:43.135 --> 00:55:45.605
<v Speaker 0>like use the or use the internet there and, um,

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00:55:45.615 --> 00:55:49.506
<v Speaker 0>and look up like AI, uh, French friends, romantic relationships

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00:55:49.506 --> 00:55:50.635
<v Speaker 0>or, or advice.

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00:55:54.570 --> 00:55:57.219
<v Speaker 0>Um, someone else commented that the desire to avoid being

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00:55:57.219 --> 00:55:59.939
<v Speaker 2>judged by AI feels like a target for therapeutic intervention.

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00:56:00.060 --> 00:56:03.000
<v Speaker 2>So how might using AI reinforce problematic patterns of avoidance?

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00:56:06.449 --> 00:56:10.409
<v Speaker 1>Yeah, I think that's a an astute observation, um, that,

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00:56:10.770 --> 00:56:13.169
<v Speaker 1>uh, we have to be thoughtful about the needs of

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00:56:13.169 --> 00:56:17.699
<v Speaker 1>patients, and make sure that we're making recommendations for care

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00:56:17.699 --> 00:56:20.489
<v Speaker 1>and, and treatment that actually are going to be helping

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00:56:20.489 --> 00:56:25.129
<v Speaker 1>their symptoms, um, and, uh, avoidance versus exposure is going

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00:56:25.129 --> 00:56:27.340
<v Speaker 1>to be something that we think about a lot, um,

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00:56:27.409 --> 00:56:30.010
<v Speaker 1>and that we're talking with our patients about, as we're

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00:56:30.010 --> 00:56:30.889
<v Speaker 1>moving forward in this.

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00:56:30.969 --> 00:56:33.620
<v Speaker 1>So, it may, It may not be that for um

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00:56:33.620 --> 00:56:36.989
<v Speaker 1>in all individuals, this is a healthy direction to be

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00:56:36.989 --> 00:56:39.100
<v Speaker 1>going, and we have to be thoughtful about the, the

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00:56:39.100 --> 00:56:43.219
<v Speaker 1>patients we're seeing, um, and making clear recommendations about what's

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00:56:43.219 --> 00:56:44.379
<v Speaker 1>going to be in their best interests.

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00:56:44.550 --> 00:56:48.189
<v Speaker 1>And not only uh that we say those things, but

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00:56:48.189 --> 00:56:51.909
<v Speaker 1>we help other patients um understand these things for themselves

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00:56:51.909 --> 00:56:52.489
<v Speaker 1>as well.

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