{"id":4414,"date":"2023-08-22T18:59:57","date_gmt":"2023-08-22T23:59:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/?p=4414"},"modified":"2023-08-22T19:15:39","modified_gmt":"2023-08-23T00:15:39","slug":"how-bad-is-a-second-or-third-or-fourth-case-of-covid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/2023\/08\/22\/how-bad-is-a-second-or-third-or-fourth-case-of-covid\/","title":{"rendered":"How Bad Is a Second (or Third or Fourth) Case of Covid?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"panel body-content\"><div class=\"panel__container\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/08\/17\/well\/live\/covid-reinfection.html\">NYT<\/a> Reinfections are becoming more common. Experts are still unsure about how damaging they can be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doctors and scientists who study Covid-19 agree that for most people, getting infected for a second \u2014 or third or fourth \u2014 time is basically inevitable. The longer the virus sticks around, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/72\/wr\/mm7225a3.htm\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">more common<\/a>&nbsp;repeat infections have and will become, especially in light of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/08\/08\/well\/live\/covid-summer-surge.html\">summer uptick<\/a>&nbsp;and a new&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/08\/11\/well\/live\/covid-variant-eris-eg5.html\">dominant variant<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is no risk-free Covid infection. But researchers are trying to untangle just how damaging repeated infections might be \u2014 whether symptoms tend to become more or less severe from one bout to the next, and whether one\u2019s risk of developing long Covid increases after multiple illnesses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is a dearth of data on Covid outcomes, including what proportion of people with repeat infections go on to develop longer-term complications, said Dr. Marc Sala, co-director of the Northwestern Medicine Comprehensive COVID-19 Center. But here\u2019s what we know so far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"link-7b4260d4\">The severity of repeat infections<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For many people who get Covid multiple times, subsequent infections will be as mild as or milder than their first,\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2023.06.29.23292043v1.full.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">emerging<\/a>\u00a0<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9961977\/\" target=\"_blank\">data<\/a>\u00a0shows, likely because of partial immunity from previous infections, vaccination and the fact that the latest circulating variants generally cause less severe symptoms. There are a few exceptions \u2014 notably, among some people who are immunocompromised, older or had particularly severe previous infections. People who had a severe first infection are more likely to end up hospitalized or to require medical attention for a reinfection, said Emily Hadley, a research data scientist at RTI International who studies long Covid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/08\/17\/well\/live\/covid-reinfection.html\">Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NYT Reinfections are becoming more common. Experts are still unsure about how damaging they can be. Doctors and scientists who study Covid-19 agree that for most people, getting infected for a second \u2014 or third or fourth \u2014 time is basically inevitable. The longer the virus sticks around, the&nbsp;more common&nbsp;repeat infections have and will become, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-featured"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4414"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4414\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4416,"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4414\/revisions\/4416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/healthsecurity\/transmission\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}