{"id":47280,"date":"2001-11-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2001-11-27T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/newsroom\/2001\/11\/27\/genetic-vaccine-for-metastatic-breast-cancer-showspromise-in-mice-studies\/"},"modified":"2022-08-29T10:50:56","modified_gmt":"2022-08-29T15:50:56","slug":"genetic-vaccine-for-metastatic-breast-cancer-showspromise-in-mice-studies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/newsroom\/2001\/11\/27\/genetic-vaccine-for-metastatic-breast-cancer-showspromise-in-mice-studies\/","title":{"rendered":"Genetic Vaccine for Metastatic Breast Cancer Shows\n\nPromise in Mice Studies"},"content":{"rendered":"

Scientists at the University of Nebraska Medical Center have developed<\/p>\n

a genetic vaccine for metastatic breast cancer and other tumors, which<\/p>\n

shows great promise in early studies in mice. The findings are reported<\/p>\n

in the Nov. 15 issue of Cancer Research, a leading cancer research journal.<\/p>\n

The vaccine uses a combination of components that are being used in<\/p>\n

existing clinical trials for other diseases. The approach they developed<\/p>\n

combines DNA and adenovirus gene delivery mechanisms.  Adenovirus<\/p>\n

is a common virus naturally found in the lungs. Together, the combination<\/p>\n

can deliver the p53 gene as a vaccine for breast cancer. P53 is a tumor<\/p>\n

suppressor factor that changes in 50 percent of all cancers, including<\/p>\n

lymphoma, leukemia, breast, lung, colon and prostate cancer.<\/p>\n

This is a unique genetic vaccine, said James Talmadge, Ph.D., professor<\/p>\n

of Pathology and Microbiology at UNMC and principal investigator on the<\/p>\n

study. The results we saw in our mice studies were quite dramatic and<\/p>\n

provide encouragement that we are potentially on to something that could<\/p>\n

have significant implications in humans.<\/p>\n

Dr. Talmadge is director of the Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology<\/p>\n

at UNMC. First author of the study was Prahlad Parajuli, Ph.D., a post-doctoral<\/p>\n

fellow in Dr. Talmadges lab who now works at the Karmanos Cancer Institute,<\/p>\n

Wayne State University, Detroit.<\/p>\n

The study involved multiple groups of mice all with metastatic breast<\/p>\n

cancer. One group received no vaccine. The second and third groups received<\/p>\n

individual components of the vaccine and the fourth group received both<\/p>\n

vaccine components.<\/p>\n

The non-vaccinated mice all died within 30 days. Mice receiving individual<\/p>\n

components of the vaccine lived for up to 60 days, while mice receiving<\/p>\n

both components of the vaccine were cured 40 percent of the time.<\/p>\n

According to the National Cancer Institute, 1 in 8 women in the United<\/p>\n

States (approximately 12.8 percent) will develop breast cancer during their<\/p>\n

lifetime. For those who develop metastatic breast cancer, only 35 percent<\/p>\n

will survive two years or more.<\/p>\n

Tumor associated antigens, such as p53, are molecules found on the surface<\/p>\n

of tumor cells. They can stimulate a unique subset of white blood cells<\/p>\n

to respond to and kill tumor cells.<\/p>\n

Using the combination of DNA and adenovirus is critical, Dr. Talmadge<\/p>\n

said. The adenovirus can stimulate a host response to itself and can deliver<\/p>\n

a large amount of the p53 gene, but it cant be used to boost the immune<\/p>\n

response. In contrast, while the DNA portion of the vaccine does not induce<\/p>\n

a strong immune response, it can boost the immune response initiated by<\/p>\n

the adenovirus delivered vaccine.<\/p>\n

Dr. Talmadge said the adenovirus used in these studies is safe, as<\/p>\n

it is unable to reproduce in humans or mice. The adenovirus is produced<\/p>\n

by Canji, a biotech company in San Diego, which is affiliated with Schering-Plough<\/p>\n

Corporation.<\/p>\n

The breast cancer vaccine also used a growth factor, Flt3L ligand, to<\/p>\n

induce a strong immune response, he said. This growth factor is being studied<\/p>\n

clinically by Immunex Corporation, a biopharmaceutical company in Seattle.<\/p>\n

The additional benefit of Flt3L administration in this study is consistent<\/p>\n

with the potency of this cytokine as an immunological adjuvant.<\/p>\n

The work by Dr. Talmadge is very promising, said Kenneth Cowan, M.D.,<\/p>\n

Ph.D., director of the UNMC Eppley Cancer Center. The development of a<\/p>\n

vaccine to prevent breast cancer recurrences would represent an important<\/p>\n

addition to clinical therapy for breast cancer, a disease that will affect<\/p>\n

more than 180,000 women in the U.S. this year. Since p53 is commonly altered<\/p>\n

in many other cancers, this vaccine could have very far reaching implications<\/p>\n

for cancer prevention.<\/p>\n

While additional work is needed to further improve this therapeutic<\/p>\n

approach in both the preclinical and clinical settings, the overall approach<\/p>\n

of using genetic vaccines is quite promising, Dr. Talmadge said. By taking<\/p>\n

advantage of the unique attributes of each delivery system, in combination<\/p>\n

with growth factors, it appears to improve the immune response to a tumor<\/p>\n

antigen and ultimately extend survival.<\/p>\n

The availability of the individual vaccine components suggests that<\/p>\n

there is the potential for a rapid translation to clinical studies.<\/p>\n

Dr. Talmadge said he hopes clinical trials in humans can begin within<\/p>\n

the next year.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scientists at the University of Nebraska Medical Center have developed a genetic vaccine for metastatic breast cancer and other tumors, which shows great promise in early studies in mice. The findings are reported in the Nov. 15 issue of Cancer Research, a leading cancer research journal. The vaccine uses a combination of components that are […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","department-press-release"],"yoast_head":"\nGenetic Vaccine for Metastatic Breast Cancer Shows Promise in Mice Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientists at the University of Nebraska Medical Center have 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