{"id":48639,"date":"2008-12-12T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-12-12T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/newsroom\/2008\/12\/12\/prostate-cancer-prevention-study-shows-no-benefit-from-selenium-and-vitamin-e-supplements\/"},"modified":"2022-08-28T19:28:03","modified_gmt":"2022-08-29T00:28:03","slug":"prostate-cancer-prevention-study-shows-no-benefit-from-selenium-and-vitamin-e-supplements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.unmc.edu\/newsroom\/2008\/12\/12\/prostate-cancer-prevention-study-shows-no-benefit-from-selenium-and-vitamin-e-supplements\/","title":{"rendered":"Prostate cancer prevention study shows no benefit from selenium and vitamin E supplements"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"panel body-content\"><div class=\"panel__container\"><p>Data from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and carried out by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) at more than 400 sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada, show that selenium and vitamin E supplements, taken either alone or together, did not prevent prostate cancer.<\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Locally, the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) and Creighton University Medical Center (CUMC) were the two lead centers following SELECT patients. Under the UNMC arm of the study, the other three sites were Methodist Hospital, Midwest Urology and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC). CUMC participated under the NCI Community Clinical Oncology Program of the Missouri Valley Cancer Consortium (MVCC),.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">A total of 113 men participated in the UNMC portion of the study, including 56 enrollees at UNMC, 44 at Methodist, eight at the VAMC and five at Midwest Urology. Another 177 men participated in the MVCC portion of the study. They included 41 enrollees at CUMC, 115 at the Cancer Resource Center in Lincoln, 10 at Bergan Mercy Medical Center, and 11 at Immanuel Medical Center.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Since May, Apar Ganti, M.D., has been the principal investigator at UNMC and VAMC. Larry Siref, M.D., headed the study for Midwest Urology and Stephen Lemon, M.D., led the study for Methodist Cancer Center.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Since January 2006, Gamini Soori, M.D., has been MVCC&rsquo;s principal investigator and also headed the study at Bergan Mercy. Others heading the study at their respective institutions are Peter Silberstein, M.D., CUMC; Joseph Verdirame, M.D., Immanuel; and Sushil Lacy, M.D., Cancer Resource Center.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&ldquo;The SELECT trial owes a tremendous debt to our volunteers, the men who offered their time and enthusiastic participation, all in the interest of a future when prostate cancer can be&nbsp;prevented,&rdquo; said Ralph Hauke, M.D., the original principal investigator at UNMC and VAMC. Dr. Hauke, who now practices at Nebraska Cancer Specialists, continues to do research with UNMC and MVCC.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">The study data, released in part on Oct. 27 and published online by JAMA on Dec. 9, also showed two trends: a small but not statistically significant increase in the number of prostate cancer cases among the over 35,000 men age 50 and older in the trial taking only vitamin E and a small, but not statistically significant increase in the number of cases of adult onset diabetes in men taking only selenium (10 percent for those taking selenium vs. 9.3 percent taking placebo). Neither of these findings proves an increased risk from the supplements and both may be due to chance.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Among the specific results highlighted, the five-year rate of prostate cancer diagnosis in the four arms of the study was 4.43 percent in the placebo arm of the trial, 4.56 percent in the selenium arm, 4.93 percent in the vitamin E arm (the highest rate, but one that is not statistically significant), and 4.56 percent in the selenium plus vitamin E arm.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">SELECT participants received letters beginning in October explaining the results and telling them to stop taking their study supplements. Participants will continue to have their health monitored by study staff, which may include regular digital rectal exams and PSA (prostate-specific antigen) tests to detect prostate cancer.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Investigators intend to follow the participants for about three years to determine the long-term effects of having taken either supplement or placebo and to complete a biorepository of blood samples that will be used in extensive molecular analyses to give researchers a better understanding of prostate cancer, other cancers, and other diseases of male aging. This additional data collection is a vital part of the study.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Neither the men nor their physicians know whether they were taking active supplements or placebos, a procedure known as blinding or masking. As follow-up of the SELECT participants continues, the participants will continue to be blinded. A blinded follow-up avoids unintentional bias which could result in potentially false conclusions. However, upon request, participants will be informed if they were taking the active supplement or placebo.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&ldquo;SELECT was always designed as a study that would answer more than a single question about prostate cancer,&rdquo; said Eric Klein, M.D., a study co-chair for SELECT, and a physician at the Cleveland Clinic. &ldquo;As we continue to monitor the health of these 35,000 men, this information may help us understand why two nutrients that showed strong initial evidence to be able to prevent prostate cancer did not do so.&rdquo;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">SELECT was undertaken to substantiate earlier, separate findings from studies in which prostate cancer was not the primary outcome: a 1998 study of 29,133 male smokers in Finland who took vitamin E to prevent lung cancer surprisingly showed 32 percent fewer prostate cancers in men who&nbsp;took the supplement, and a 1996 study of 1,312 men and women with skin cancer who took selenium for prevention of the disease showed that men who took the supplement had 52 percent fewer prostate cancers than men who did not take the supplement.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Based on these and other earlier findings, in 2001, men were recruited to participate in SELECT. They were randomly assigned to take one of four sets of supplements or placebos, with more than 8,000 men in each group. One group took both selenium and vitamin E; one took selenium and a vitamin E placebo; one took vitamin E and a selenium placebo; and the final group received placebos of both supplements.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">Except for skin cancer, prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in men in the United States. In 2008, there will be an estimated 186,320 new cases of prostate cancer and 28,660 deaths from this disease in the United States.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">SELECT has been funded by NCI for $114 million, with additional monies from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, and with sub-studies funded and conducted by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the National Institute of Aging and the National Eye Institute at NIH.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">The sub-studies are evaluating the effects of selenium and vitamin E on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the development of Alzheimer&#8217;s disease, and the development of macular degeneration and cataracts, and these sub-studies will continue without participants taking study supplements. An NCI-funded sub-study is looking at the effects of the supplements on men who developed colon polyps.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-indent: 0.5in; line-height: 150%\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ###<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\"><b>Reference<\/b>: Lippman SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, et al. Effect of Selenium and Vitamin E on Risk of Prostate Cancer and Other Cancers. <i>JAMA<\/i>. Published online Dec. 9, 2008.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">For a Q&amp;A on SELECT, please go to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/newscenter\/pressreleases\/SELECTQandA\"><span style=\"color: windowtext\">http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/newscenter\/pressreleases\/SELECTQandA<\/span><\/a>.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">The Southwest Oncology Group (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.swog.org\/\"><span style=\"color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none\">www.swog.org<\/span><\/a>) is one of the largest cancer clinical trials cooperative groups in the United States. Funded by research grants from the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/aboutnci\"><span style=\"color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none\">National Cancer Institute<\/span><\/a>, part of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nih.gov\/\"><span style=\"color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none\">National Institutes of Health<\/span><\/a>, the group conducts clinical trials to prevent and treat cancer in adults, and to improve the quality of life for cancer survivors. The Group&#8217;s network of more than 5,000 physician-researchers practice at nearly 550 institutions, including 18 NCI-designated cancer centers. Headquartered in Ann Arbor, Mich. (phone: 734-998-7130), the group has an operations office in San Antonio and a statistical center in Seattle.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">The MVCC receives funding from the National Cancer Institute as a community oncology program with a mission of bringing NCI-sponsored trials to the community level. MVCC works directly with organizations such as SWOG to improve the lives of cancer patients and to reduce the cancer burden in our communities.<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">NCI leads the National Cancer Program and the NIH effort to dramatically reduce the burden of cancer and improve the lives of cancer patients and their families, through research into prevention and cancer biology,&nbsp;the development of new interventions, and the training and mentoring of new researchers. For more information about cancer, please visit the NCI Web site at <a title=\"http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/\"><span style=\"color: windowtext\">http:\/\/www.cancer.gov<\/span><\/a> or call NCI&#8217;s Cancer Information Service at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237).<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"\/secure-location.php\" style=\"display: none;\" title=\"YjzXnHQ \"><!-- YjzXnHQ  --><\/a><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Data from the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT), funded by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and carried out by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) at more than 400 sites in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada, show that selenium and vitamin E supplements, taken either alone or together, did not prevent [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","department-press-release"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Prostate cancer prevention study shows no benefit from selenium and vitamin E supplements<\/title>\n<meta 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