Assessment and Intervention of Orthostatic Hypotension

What?

Orthostatic hypotension, a sudden drop in blood pressure upon assuming an upright position, is a potentially modifiable risk factor for falling.

Why?

If a patient screens positive for fall risk, it is important to more thoroughly assess for specific risk factors for falling such as orthostatic hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension can reduce perfusion of the brain, leading to dizziness, lightheadedness, and even syncope. These symptoms can impair balance and coordination, making it difficult to maintain an upright posture and increasing the likelihood of a fall.

How?

Assessment of orthostatic hypotension involves sequentially measuring blood pressure in lying and then standing positions. Interventions to consider for orthostatic hypotension include medication changes, behavioral changes, adequate hydration, and compression stockings.